• short signature
• APBE
• ZSS
• IoT
• GNSS
• immediate authentication
• SPARTN
• ESP32
• bilinear pairings

SPARTN, the first standardized GNSS correction protocol to support encryption of augmented data, facilitates the secure exchange of high-accuracy correction data between GNSS service providers and end users. SPARTN immediate authentication is a new proposed protocol version that addresses a security vulnerability in the previous iteration, specifically the delayed message authentication of OCB messages. This new version introduces two variants, each tailored to strike a balance between minimizing bandwidth usage and reducing storage demands on the receiving device. Both variants leverage the Zhang-Safavi-Susilo short signature scheme to efficiently reduce the overhead introduced by the protocol. We have also created a proof-of-concept demonstration to assess the protocol's performance and its impact on IoT devices, conducting tests across various elliptic curves with varying security levels to cope with future hardware advancements.