• jets
• pressure distribution
• protection measures
• scour
• spillways

The dam-spillway involves the discharge of the water in the form of jet. The developed high velocity jet is of a serious concern because of its destructive action at the base of the hydraulic structure. The scour formed by the jet can undermine the structure and thus it can lead to structural collapse. Since many years the jet-scour has been receiving attention in order to minimise the risk of damage.
Many laboratory experiments were carried out in order to deepen the knowledge in the jet scour. The author has been interested in understanding the scour process in 2D and 3D conditions. At the same time the possibility of using 2D and 3D structures to minimise the scour was also investigated. The author studied the pressure distribution below the channel bed created by the jet. Use of multiple crossing jets was also studied to explore the possibilities of using multiple jets as a means of reducing the resulting scour. In addition, the scour process along with the geometrical configurations was also analysed. The author proposed many useful relationships which can be used to determine scour characteristics in practical applications.
In the present thesis the results of the author’s researches, which were also published in several international journals and in international conference proceedings, are reported.