Tesi etd-10012025-145445 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale LM5
Autore
PALLA, ALICE
URN
etd-10012025-145445
Titolo
Risoluzione di problemi e contratto didattico:
una sperimentazione in due Paesi
Dipartimento
CIVILTA' E FORME DEL SAPERE
Corso di studi
SCIENZE DELLA FORMAZIONE PRIMARIA
Relatori
relatore Di Martino, Pietro
Parole chiave
- contratto didattico
- didactical contract
- didattica della matematica
- mathematics teaching
- problem-solving
- problemi
- problems
Data inizio appello
07/11/2025
Consultabilità
Completa
Riassunto
Questa tesi affronta il tema della didattica della matematica con particolare attenzione al concetto di contratto didattico e al suo ruolo nella risoluzione dei problemi. Dopo un inquadramento teorico che ripercorre l’evoluzione della disciplina in Italia e i contributi di studiosi come Brousseau, D’Amore, Fandiño Pinilla, McLeod e Adams, l’elaborato analizza il rapporto tra esercizi e problemi, il valore del problem solving e l’importanza di proporre compiti autentici capaci di stimolare il ragionamento. La parte sperimentale è stata condotta in due scuole primarie, una ad Atene e una a Pisa, attraverso la somministrazione di nove problemi, sia standard che non convenzionali, accompagnati da un questionario finale. L’obiettivo era verificare in che misura gli alunni ricorressero a schemi automatici e come reagissero alla rottura del contratto didattico. L’analisi dei dati ha mostrato che, pur prevalendo inizialmente strategie meccaniche, nei momenti di difficoltà gli alunni hanno saputo elaborare riflessioni più autentiche. Ne emerge il valore di una didattica che non si limiti alla trasmissione di regole, ma che favorisca processi di esplorazione, discussione e costruzione condivisa del sapere.
This thesis explores the field of mathematics education, focusing on the concept of the didactic contract and its role in problem solving. After a theoretical framework that retraces the evolution of mathematics education in Italy and the contributions of scholars such as Brousseau, D’Amore, Fandiño Pinilla, McLeod, and Adams, the study examines the distinction between exercises and problems, the value of problem solving, and the importance of proposing authentic tasks that stimulate reasoning. The experimental part was carried out in two primary schools, one in Athens and one in Pisa, through the administration of nine problems—both standard and non-standard—together with a final questionnaire. The aim was to verify to what extent pupils relied on automatic strategies and how they reacted when the didactic contract was disrupted. Data analysis showed that, although mechanical strategies initially prevailed, moments of difficulty encouraged pupils to develop more genuine reflections. The findings highlight the importance of a teaching approach that goes beyond the transmission of rules and fosters exploration, discussion, and the shared construction of knowledge.
This thesis explores the field of mathematics education, focusing on the concept of the didactic contract and its role in problem solving. After a theoretical framework that retraces the evolution of mathematics education in Italy and the contributions of scholars such as Brousseau, D’Amore, Fandiño Pinilla, McLeod, and Adams, the study examines the distinction between exercises and problems, the value of problem solving, and the importance of proposing authentic tasks that stimulate reasoning. The experimental part was carried out in two primary schools, one in Athens and one in Pisa, through the administration of nine problems—both standard and non-standard—together with a final questionnaire. The aim was to verify to what extent pupils relied on automatic strategies and how they reacted when the didactic contract was disrupted. Data analysis showed that, although mechanical strategies initially prevailed, moments of difficulty encouraged pupils to develop more genuine reflections. The findings highlight the importance of a teaching approach that goes beyond the transmission of rules and fosters exploration, discussion, and the shared construction of knowledge.
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