Tesi etd-09242025-161933 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale
Autore
PESOLILLO, FLAVIA
URN
etd-09242025-161933
Titolo
STUDIO DI UN'ASSOCIAZIONE A SQUALI DAL MIOCENE INFERIORE DEL COLLE DELLA CROCE (FELTRE, BL)
Dipartimento
SCIENZE DELLA TERRA
Corso di studi
SCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE GEOLOGICHE
Relatori
relatore Prof. Collareta, Alberto
Parole chiave
- Arenaria di Libàno
- Bacino Veneto Friulano
- Belluno Molasse
- biocronologia
- biocronology
- Bolago Marl
- Bolognano Formation
- elasmobranchii
- Formazione di Bolognano
- Libano Sandstone
- Lower Miocene
- Marna di Bolago
- Miocene Inferiore
- Molassa Bellunese
- paleoambiente
- paleobatimentria
- paleobatymetry
- paleobiogeografia
- paleobiogeography
- paleoecologia
- paleoecology
- paleoenvironment
- paleoichthyology
- paleoittiologia
- paleontologia dei vertebrati
- Paratethys
- Paratetide
- Pietra Leccese
- sharks
- squali
- Veneto-Friuli Basin
- vertebrate paleontology
Data inizio appello
17/10/2025
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
17/10/2095
Riassunto
I depositi aquitaniano-burdigaliani della “Molassa Bellunese” dell’Italia nordorientale (Bacino Veneto-Friulano) ospitano un’importante fauna fossile a vertebrati marini che rappresenta una delle associazioni più importanti al mondo per il Miocene Inferiore. Sin dal XIX secolo, il Bellunese è infatti celebre per aver restituito fossili di cetacei, pesci ossei, razze e squali appartenenti a questo intervallo cronostratigrafico, e ancora oggi è considerata una località chiave per la comprensione della storia evolutiva dei cetacei. L’area di studio del presente lavoro di tesi è la Cava per laterizi di Villabruna, situata sulle pendici settentrionali del Colle della Croce, nei pressi di Feltre (BL). Nella cava affiorano due formazioni, l’Arenaria di Libàno (in facies pelitica, datata all’Aquitaniano superiore) e la Marna di Bolago (datata al Burdigaliano inferiore) che appartengono alla successione molassica della Sinclinale Bellunese, oggi affiorante in gran parte del Vallone Bellunese. Tali depositi si sono originati a partire dall’erosione della catena alpina in sollevamento, che durante l’Oligocene e il Miocene causò l’accumulo di enormi quantità di sedimento terrigeno all’interno del summenzionato bacino. Il presente lavoro si incentra sullo studio di un’associazione a denti di squalo raccolta in cava e si propone di fornire nuove interpretazioni biocronologiche, paleoambientali e paleobiogeografiche. È stata condotta un’analisi sistematica di 169 reperti dentari che ha portato all’identificazione di 18 specie di squali appartenenti a 16 generi, 12 famiglie e 5 ordini: Notorynchus primigenius, Chlamydoselachus sp., Pristiophorus sp., Deania sp., Squalus sp., Carcharias acutissima, Carcharoides catticus, Carcharocles chubutensis, Parotodus benedenii, Isurus aff. oxyrinchus, Isurus retroflexus, Cosmopolitodus hastalis, Hemipristis serra, Galeocerdo aduncus, Physogaleus contortus, Carcharhinus cf. priscus, Carcharhinus sp. e Sphyrna laevissima. La revisione critica di una collezione proveniente dalla stessa cava, precedentemente pubblicata in un bollettino naturalistico locale, ha rivelato la presenza di tre ulteriori specie (Carcharias cuspidata, Alopias latidens e Carcharhinus cf. brachyurus). La distribuzione cronostratigrafica delle specie identificate ha confermato le datazioni biostratigrafiche delle formazioni affioranti in cava al Miocene Inferiore. L’associazione feltrina è stata successivamente comparata con la fauna limitrofa e coeva rinvenuta nei dintorni di Belluno. Altre comparazioni sono state effettuate con le faune paleoadriatiche coeve della Formazione di Bolognano dell’Abruzzo e con la Pietra Leccese della Puglia, oltre che con le faune europee appartenenti a depositi del Miocene Inferiore della Paratetide Centrale. Le differenze principali tra tali faune si riscontrano nella presenza/assenza di forme di mare profondo: queste ultime sono numerose nelle associazioni paratetidee, meno abbondanti nel Feltrino e assenti nella Pietra Leccese, nella Formazione di Bolognano e nei depositi del Bellunese. Si ipotizza che la mancanza di taxa profondi nella Pietra Leccese e la scarsità di tali forme negli orizzonti miocenici della Cava di Villabruna derivino principalmente da bias di campionamento. Interpretazioni paleoecologiche dell’associazione hanno consentito di effettuare una stima della paleobatimetria ed una ricostruzione della catena trofica dell’antico mare feltrino. Quest’ultimo costituiva un contesto marino più aperto, di piattaforma continentale esterna, rispetto al Bellunese; in base a dati paleontologici e sedimentologici, quest'ultimo sembra rappresentare un paleoambiente deltizio-costiero. Nel Miocene Inferiore, il Bacino Veneto-Friulano era caratterizzato da un clima tropicale-subtropicale, come indicato dalla presenza di squali tigre come Galeocerdo aduncus e Physogaleus contortus e dello squalo donnola Hemipristis serra. La catena trofica di questo antico mare era dominata da predatori apicali come Carcharocles chubutensis e Cosmopolitodus hastalis.
The Aquitanian-Burdigalian deposits of the "Molassa Bellunese" of northeastern Italy (Friulian- Venetian Basin) are home to a remarkable marine vertebrate fossil fauna, representing one of the most important Lower Miocene assemblages worldwide. Since the 19th century, the vicinities of Belluno have been renowned for yielding fossils of cetaceans, bony fishes, rays and sharks belonging of Early Miocene age, and are still considered to represent a key site for understanding the evolutionary history of cetaceans. The study area of this thesis is the Villabruna brick quarry, located on the northern slopes of Colle della Croce, near Feltre (BL). Two formations are exposed in the quarry: the Libàno Sandstone (here displaying its pelitic facies, dated to the Late Aquitanian) and the Bolago Marl (dated to the Early Burdigalian). These formations belong to the molassic succession of the Bellunese Syncline, which nowadays characterizes much of the Belluno Valley. These deposits originated from the erosion of the uplifting Alpine chain, which during the Oligocene and Miocene caused the accumulation of enormous quantities of terrigenous sediments within the aforementioned basin. This work focuses on the study of a shark tooth assemblage collected in the quarry and aims to provide new biochronological, paleoenvironmental, and paleobiogeographic interpretations. A systematic analysis of 169 dental specimens was conducted, leading to the identification of 18 shark species belonging to 16 genera, 12 families, and 5 orders: Notorynchus primigenius, Chlamydoselachus sp., Pristiophorus sp., Deania sp., Squalus sp., Carcharias acutissima, Carcharoides catticus, Carcharocles chubutensis, Parotodus benedenii, Isurus aff. oxyrinchus, Isurus retroflexus, Cosmopolitodus hastalis, Hemipristis serra, Galeocerdo aduncus, Physogaleus contortus, Carcharhinus cf. priscus, Carcharhinus sp., and Sphyrna laevissima. A critical review of a collection from the same quarry, previously published in a local natural science bulletin, revealed the presence of three additional species (Carcharias cuspidata, Alopias latidens, and Carcharhinus cf. brachyurus). The chronostratigraphic distribution of the identified species confirmed the biostratigraphic assignment of the formations outcropping in the quarry to the Lower Miocene. The Feltre assemblage was subsequently compared with neighboring and contemporary fauna found in the Belluno area. Further comparisons were made with contemporary paleo-Adriatic faunas from the Bolognano Formation of Abruzzo and the Pietra Leccese of Puglia, as well as with European faunas belonging to Lower Miocene deposits of the Central Paratethys. The main differences between these faunas are found in the presence/absence of deep-sea forms: the latter are numerous in the Paratethys assemblages, less abundant in the Feltre area, and absent in the Pietra Leccese, the Bolognano Formation and the Belluno deposits. The lack of deep-dwelling taxa in the Pietra Leccese and the scarcity of such forms in the Miocene horizons of the Villabruna quarry are hypothesized to be primarily due to sampling bias. Paleoecological interpretations of the studied assemblage have allowed us to estimate the paleobathymetry and reconstruct the food web of the ancient sea of Feltre. Based on both paleontological and sedimentological data, the Feltre area comprised an open-sea (i.e., outer shelf) setting, whereas the Belluno area was coastal-deltaic in Aquitanian-Burdigalian times. During the Early Miocene, the Friulian-Venetian Basin was characterized by a tropical-subtropical climate, as indicated by the occurrence of tiger sharks such as Galeocerdo aduncus and Physogaleus contortus as well as of the snaggletooth shark Hemipristis serra. The food web of this ancient sea was dominated by apex predators such as Carcharocles chubutensis and Cosmopolitodus hastalis.
The Aquitanian-Burdigalian deposits of the "Molassa Bellunese" of northeastern Italy (Friulian- Venetian Basin) are home to a remarkable marine vertebrate fossil fauna, representing one of the most important Lower Miocene assemblages worldwide. Since the 19th century, the vicinities of Belluno have been renowned for yielding fossils of cetaceans, bony fishes, rays and sharks belonging of Early Miocene age, and are still considered to represent a key site for understanding the evolutionary history of cetaceans. The study area of this thesis is the Villabruna brick quarry, located on the northern slopes of Colle della Croce, near Feltre (BL). Two formations are exposed in the quarry: the Libàno Sandstone (here displaying its pelitic facies, dated to the Late Aquitanian) and the Bolago Marl (dated to the Early Burdigalian). These formations belong to the molassic succession of the Bellunese Syncline, which nowadays characterizes much of the Belluno Valley. These deposits originated from the erosion of the uplifting Alpine chain, which during the Oligocene and Miocene caused the accumulation of enormous quantities of terrigenous sediments within the aforementioned basin. This work focuses on the study of a shark tooth assemblage collected in the quarry and aims to provide new biochronological, paleoenvironmental, and paleobiogeographic interpretations. A systematic analysis of 169 dental specimens was conducted, leading to the identification of 18 shark species belonging to 16 genera, 12 families, and 5 orders: Notorynchus primigenius, Chlamydoselachus sp., Pristiophorus sp., Deania sp., Squalus sp., Carcharias acutissima, Carcharoides catticus, Carcharocles chubutensis, Parotodus benedenii, Isurus aff. oxyrinchus, Isurus retroflexus, Cosmopolitodus hastalis, Hemipristis serra, Galeocerdo aduncus, Physogaleus contortus, Carcharhinus cf. priscus, Carcharhinus sp., and Sphyrna laevissima. A critical review of a collection from the same quarry, previously published in a local natural science bulletin, revealed the presence of three additional species (Carcharias cuspidata, Alopias latidens, and Carcharhinus cf. brachyurus). The chronostratigraphic distribution of the identified species confirmed the biostratigraphic assignment of the formations outcropping in the quarry to the Lower Miocene. The Feltre assemblage was subsequently compared with neighboring and contemporary fauna found in the Belluno area. Further comparisons were made with contemporary paleo-Adriatic faunas from the Bolognano Formation of Abruzzo and the Pietra Leccese of Puglia, as well as with European faunas belonging to Lower Miocene deposits of the Central Paratethys. The main differences between these faunas are found in the presence/absence of deep-sea forms: the latter are numerous in the Paratethys assemblages, less abundant in the Feltre area, and absent in the Pietra Leccese, the Bolognano Formation and the Belluno deposits. The lack of deep-dwelling taxa in the Pietra Leccese and the scarcity of such forms in the Miocene horizons of the Villabruna quarry are hypothesized to be primarily due to sampling bias. Paleoecological interpretations of the studied assemblage have allowed us to estimate the paleobathymetry and reconstruct the food web of the ancient sea of Feltre. Based on both paleontological and sedimentological data, the Feltre area comprised an open-sea (i.e., outer shelf) setting, whereas the Belluno area was coastal-deltaic in Aquitanian-Burdigalian times. During the Early Miocene, the Friulian-Venetian Basin was characterized by a tropical-subtropical climate, as indicated by the occurrence of tiger sharks such as Galeocerdo aduncus and Physogaleus contortus as well as of the snaggletooth shark Hemipristis serra. The food web of this ancient sea was dominated by apex predators such as Carcharocles chubutensis and Cosmopolitodus hastalis.
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