ETD

• benign nodules
• clinical studies
• endocrine disorders
• inflammation
• management
• myo-inositol
• nutraceuticals
• oxidative stress
• prevention
• selenium
• thyroid
• thyroid health
• thyroid hormones
• thyroid metabolism
• thyroid pathology
• tsh signaling

This dissertation explores the role of myoinositol, a glucose isomer involved in cell signaling and metabolism, in the prevention and management of benign thyroid nodules, one of the most common thyroid diseases, with an increasing prevalence in adulthood, especially among women. After examining the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of thyroid nodules, the thesis highlights how conventional management ranges from surveillance to surgery, and how interest in nutraceutical approaches is growing. Myoinositol, naturally present in foods and synthesized by the body, supports thyroid function by enhancing TSH signaling, improving iodine utilization, reducing oxidative stress, and modulating inflammatory and immune responses. Clinical studies, although limited, suggest that supplementation, particularly in combination with selenium, can reduce nodule size, improve thyroid hormone sensitivity, and stabilize thyroid morphology. Safe and well tolerated, myoinositol emerges as a promising adjuvant for the early and non-invasive management of benign thyroid nodules.