Tesi etd-09122024-114946 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale
Autore
SIGNORELLI, CAROLINA
URN
etd-09122024-114946
Titolo
Paleo-environmental adaptation in Equids during Middle Pleistocene. Comparative morphometric study between Castel di Guido (Rome) horses and South African zebras
Dipartimento
BIOLOGIA
Corso di studi
CONSERVAZIONE ED EVOLUZIONE
Relatori
relatore Prof. Boschian, Giovanni
correlatore Prof. Cherin, Marco
correlatore Prof. Cherin, Marco
Parole chiave
- equids
- horses
- morphometry
- pleistocene
- zebras
Data inizio appello
14/10/2024
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
14/10/2064
Riassunto
Lo studio dei resti faunistici del Pleistocene è fondamentale per valutare le potenziali adattamenti delle comunità di mammiferi alle dinamiche ambientali e alle oscillazioni climatiche. L'analisi morfometrica di questi resti può fornire informazioni sull'adattamento delle specie ai cambiamenti climatici, specialmente durante le fasi glaciali e interglaciali del Pleistocene medio. Il sito paleoantropologico e archeologico di Castel di Guido, vicino Roma, offre un contesto interessante per applicare queste ipotesi, essendo datato a un periodo compreso tra i 465.000 e i 395.000 anni fa, che include l'Interglaciale Marino Isotopico (MIS) 11 e forse la fine del freddo MIS 12. Tuttavia, i dati paleoambientali del sito sono limitati e rendono difficile identificare le condizioni climatiche specifiche. Il paesaggio pleistocenico della regione, influenzato da intensa attività vulcanica, potrebbe aver influenzato l'adattamento morfologico della fauna. Questo studio si concentra sull'analisi delle ossa distali degli equidi provenienti da Castel di Guido per valutare eventuali adattamenti morfologici in risposta ai cambiamenti climatici e ambientali. Poiché i campioni di equidi del Pleistocene medio sono rari in Italia, si è resa necessaria una comparazione sistematica con esemplari di equidi provenienti da vari siti in Sudafrica, al fine di identificare e quantificare variazioni morfologiche e la loro possibile significatività adattiva. Lo studio mira a fornire nuove conoscenze sugli adattamenti e la storia evolutiva degli equidi del Pleistocene medio, esplorando come i fattori climatici e ambientali abbiano influenzato la loro morfologia. Sono stati utilizzati metodi come l'analisi delle componenti principali (PCA) e i diagrammi log10 di Simpson per la descrizione dei risultati. Questi metodi hanno permesso di confrontare la morfologia dei cavalli di Castel di Guido con altre specie di zebra.
The study of Pleistocene faunal remains is essential to assess the potential adaptations of mammalian communities to environmental dynamics and climatic oscillations. Morphometric analysis of these remains can shed light on species’ adaptive responses to climate changes, particularly during the glacial and interglacial phases of the Middle Pleistocene. The palaeoanthropological and archaeological site of Castel di Guido, near Rome, provides a valuable context for applying these hypotheses, being dated to a period between 465,000 and 395,000 years ago, encompassing the warm Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11 and possibly the end of the cold MIS 12. However, the limited paleoenvironmental data from the site make it difficult to ascribe specific climatic conditions. The landscape, characterized by volcanic activity, may have influenced faunal morphological adaptation. This research focuses on the analysis of distal limb bones of equids from Castel di Guido to assess possible morphological adaptations in response to climatic and environmental changes. Methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and log10 Simpson diagrams were employed to describe the results. These analyses enabled a comparison of the morphology of the Castel di Guido horses with other zebra species. The results from the analysis of the first, second, and third phalanges show a clear distinction between the horses from Castel di Guido and other zebra species, with the exception of Equus capensis, with which they show a closer similarity. Due to the scarcity of Middle Pleistocene equid specimens in Italy, a systematic comparison was conducted with equids from South African sites, aiming to identify and quantify morphological variations and their potential adaptive significance. The study aims to provide new insights into the adaptations and evolutionary history of Middle Pleistocene equids by exploring how climatic and environmental factors influenced their morphology. Methods like the principal component analysis (PCA) and Simpson’s log10 diagrams were used to describe the results.
The study of Pleistocene faunal remains is essential to assess the potential adaptations of mammalian communities to environmental dynamics and climatic oscillations. Morphometric analysis of these remains can shed light on species’ adaptive responses to climate changes, particularly during the glacial and interglacial phases of the Middle Pleistocene. The palaeoanthropological and archaeological site of Castel di Guido, near Rome, provides a valuable context for applying these hypotheses, being dated to a period between 465,000 and 395,000 years ago, encompassing the warm Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 11 and possibly the end of the cold MIS 12. However, the limited paleoenvironmental data from the site make it difficult to ascribe specific climatic conditions. The landscape, characterized by volcanic activity, may have influenced faunal morphological adaptation. This research focuses on the analysis of distal limb bones of equids from Castel di Guido to assess possible morphological adaptations in response to climatic and environmental changes. Methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and log10 Simpson diagrams were employed to describe the results. These analyses enabled a comparison of the morphology of the Castel di Guido horses with other zebra species. The results from the analysis of the first, second, and third phalanges show a clear distinction between the horses from Castel di Guido and other zebra species, with the exception of Equus capensis, with which they show a closer similarity. Due to the scarcity of Middle Pleistocene equid specimens in Italy, a systematic comparison was conducted with equids from South African sites, aiming to identify and quantify morphological variations and their potential adaptive significance. The study aims to provide new insights into the adaptations and evolutionary history of Middle Pleistocene equids by exploring how climatic and environmental factors influenced their morphology. Methods like the principal component analysis (PCA) and Simpson’s log10 diagrams were used to describe the results.
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