• reforestation
• Castanea Sativa Mill.
• ecosystem service
• inactive quarry
• system dynamics
• agriculture employment
• mountain economy.

Reforestation is one of the available solutions to rehabilitate inactive limestone quarries after their use. In accordance with the present legislation, this strategy can guarantee against landslides and soil erosion, and restore landscape and biodiversity; in the long run, it can also sustain the value-chains of the mountain economy, support income, and increase the resilience of local communities. The present work aims to analyse the conditions for and the socio-economic effects of the repopulation with Castanea Sativa Mill. cultivation, of inactive extraction sites in the North-west of Tuscany. By building and running a system dynamic model, possible emerging scenarios will be considered. The dataset supporting the estimation is made by the integration of ecological, social, and economic information collected from both literature and interviews.