• digital constitutionalism
• european defense
• european institutions
• european policymaking
• european union
• quantum constitutionalism
• quantum technologies
• sovereignty

The thesis explores how the European Union's constitutional, institutional and legislative frameworks should address the challenges posed by emerging quantum technologies in defense and national security. It introduces the concept of Quantum Constitutionalism as an evolution of digital constitutionalism, focusing on sovereignty, privacy, proportionality, accountability and transparency in light of quantum cryptanalysis, sensing and decision-making technologies.
The research adopts an interdisciplinary approach combining International Relations, European law and policy analysis. Instruments of the European Union and NATO are examined on defense exemptions to assess whether existing frameworks offer implicit constitutional recognition of quantum technologies.
The thesis identifies legislative gaps and proposes policy recommendations for anticipatory governance, including the creation of a dedicated quantum policy framework, specialized oversight bodies and safeguards balancing EU-level authority with Member State sovereignty.