Tesi etd-06242024-195919 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale
Autore
CARPIGNANI, DUCCIO
URN
etd-06242024-195919
Titolo
"Nuove indagini di caratterizzazione molecolare sul gene map di Flavescenza dorata (FD) in vigneti Toscani: conferma della complessa ecologia del fitoplasma nell'agro-ecosistema vigneto."
Dipartimento
SCIENZE AGRARIE, ALIMENTARI E AGRO-AMBIENTALI
Corso di studi
BIOTECNOLOGIE VEGETALI E MICROBICHE
Relatori
relatore Prof.ssa Nali, Cristina
Parole chiave
- caratterizzazione molecolare
- Flavescence doréè
- Flavescenza dorata
- gene map
- insect vector
- insetto vettore
- map gene
- molecular characterisation.
- ospiti secondari
- secondary hosts
- Vitis vinifera
Data inizio appello
15/07/2024
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
15/07/2094
Riassunto
Lo scopo del lavoro è quello di definire l’attuale diffusione di FD in Toscana, tramite un’indagine nelle principali aree viticole della regione, la caratterizzazione molecolare dei ceppi di FDp identificati e l’analisi della variabilità genetica della popolazione di FD nell’agro-ecosistema vigneto inclusivo di piante ospiti e vettori secondari. Sono stati analizzati 276 campioni prelevati da vigneti di sei province toscane che comprendevano V. vinifera (VV), C. vitalba (CV), A. glutinosa (AG) e gli insetti vettori S. titanus (ST) e D. europaea (DE). Real-time PCR, nested PCR, sequenziamento, software dedicati e analisi filogenetica hanno permesso la diagnosi di FD, la caratterizzazione molecolare e l’analisi evolutiva dei genotipi presenti nella popolazione toscana di FDp. Sono stati identificati nove genotipi map diversamente presenti nei vari ospiti. In VV FD3 era il predominante, in AG FD1, in CV e DE un unico cluster FD3, così come ST FD1. L’analisi delle sequenze nucleotidiche ha permesso di individuare la stessa variante genetica in VV, ST e DE confermando la diffusione epidemica all’interno del vigneto tramite ST e la trasmissione di FD nelle zone circostanti mediata da DE. Anche l’identità nucleotidica riscontrata tra CV e DE testimonia la presenza di FDp nelle aree marginali al vigneto, così come l’identificazione di varianti nucleotidiche in AG. I risultati hanno permesso di confermare la complessità del ciclo epidemiologico di FD nell’agro-ecosistema vigneto.
The aim of the work is to define the current spread of FD in Tuscany, by means of a survey in the main wine-growing areas of the region, the molecular characterisation of the FDp strains identified and the analysis of the genetic variability of the FD population in the vineyard agro-ecosystem including host plants and secondary vectors. 276 samples from vineyards in six Tuscan provinces were analysed, which included V. vinifera (VV), C. vitalba (CV), A. glutinosa (AG) and insect vectors S. titanus (ST) and D. europaea (DE). Real-time PCR, nested PCR, sequencing, dedicated software and phylogenetic analysis enabled the diagnosis of FD, molecular characterisation and evolutionary analysis of the genotypes present in the Tuscan FDp population. Nine genotypes map were identified differently present in the various hosts. In VV FD3 was the predominant, in AG FD1, in CV and DE a single FD3 cluster, as well as ST FD1. Nucleotide sequences analysis allowed the identification of the same genetic variant in VV, ST and DE, confirming the epidemic spread within the vineyard by ST and the transmission of FD in the surrounding areas mediated by DE. The nucleotide identity found between CV and DE also testifies to the presence of FDp in the marginal areas of the vineyards, as does the identification of nucleotide variants in AG. The results confirmed the complexity of the epidemiological cycle of FD in the vineyard agro-ecosystem.
The aim of the work is to define the current spread of FD in Tuscany, by means of a survey in the main wine-growing areas of the region, the molecular characterisation of the FDp strains identified and the analysis of the genetic variability of the FD population in the vineyard agro-ecosystem including host plants and secondary vectors. 276 samples from vineyards in six Tuscan provinces were analysed, which included V. vinifera (VV), C. vitalba (CV), A. glutinosa (AG) and insect vectors S. titanus (ST) and D. europaea (DE). Real-time PCR, nested PCR, sequencing, dedicated software and phylogenetic analysis enabled the diagnosis of FD, molecular characterisation and evolutionary analysis of the genotypes present in the Tuscan FDp population. Nine genotypes map were identified differently present in the various hosts. In VV FD3 was the predominant, in AG FD1, in CV and DE a single FD3 cluster, as well as ST FD1. Nucleotide sequences analysis allowed the identification of the same genetic variant in VV, ST and DE, confirming the epidemic spread within the vineyard by ST and the transmission of FD in the surrounding areas mediated by DE. The nucleotide identity found between CV and DE also testifies to the presence of FDp in the marginal areas of the vineyards, as does the identification of nucleotide variants in AG. The results confirmed the complexity of the epidemiological cycle of FD in the vineyard agro-ecosystem.
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