• ABCB1
• lenalidomide
• multiple myeloma
• single nucleotide polymorphisms
• VEGFA

Multiple myeloma, the second most common hematological tumor, is an uncurable disease whose prognosis has nonetheless dramatically improved in the last twenty years, thanks to the introduction of novel drugs such as proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs (IMIDs), and monoclonal antibodies. This wealth of therapeutic options has led to an increased interest in treatment personalization, with a focus on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as predictive factors for response to therapy. More specifically, this work will focus on lenalidomide, a second-generation IMID which is widely used both in maintenance after autologous stem cell transplantation as first-line therapy, and as second-line therapy after relapse. Its effects will be correlated to two different SNP, rs2032582 in ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) and rs69947 in vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), chosen respectively because the former is the main (and apparently only) efflux pump for lenalidomide, and the second is involved in its antiangiogenetic action.