• basin
• future scenario
• Lesotho
• Makhaleng
• Mohokare
• river
• Senqu
• water resources

The economic development of the Republic of South Africa and the reduced availability of water, has drawn attention on the State of Lesotho, an enclave of South Africa, situated in the middle of the Drakensberg’s mountain, the main mountain of southern Africa, rich in this resource.
Lesotho is crossed by three rivers, whose basins, Makhelen, Mohokare and Senqu, have been object of this study.
The goal of this work, is to provide the basic information on the available quantity of water as well as the composition of the flow in every location and any time in the river basin. To achieve this purpose a Hydrological model, based on the analysis and elaboration of available data collected during “in situ measurements”, has been developed.
Once the river basin models have been constructed and validated, different scenarios have been simulated in order to understand the eventual critical issues in river basin water management. this phase has allowed for an optimization of the management policy under a relatively large range of parameters and variables.