Tesi etd-03262025-110445 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale
Autore
MAIORCA, ALESSANDRO
URN
etd-03262025-110445
Titolo
OUTSOURCING NELL’AMMINISTRAZIONE DELLA DIFESA: PROSPETTIVE OPERATIVE E FONDAMENTO GIURIDICO
Dipartimento
SCIENZE POLITICHE
Corso di studi
SCIENZE MARITTIME E NAVALI
Relatori
relatore Avv. Bertolini, Cecilia
Parole chiave
- Amministrazione della Difesa
- Defence Procurement
- Esternalizzazione
- New public management
- Outsourcing
- Procurement della Difesa
Data inizio appello
14/04/2025
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
14/04/2065
Riassunto
Negli ultimi decenni, l’outsourcing si è affermato come uno dei principali strumenti di riorganizzazione sia per il settore privato che per quello pubblico. Il contesto globale, caratterizzato dalla crescente complessità delle sfide strategiche e tecnologiche, ha portato anche il comparto della difesa a ripensare i propri modelli organizzativi, integrando progressivamente pratiche di esternalizzazione. L'elaborato affronta il tema dell’outsourcing nell’amministrazione della difesa con un taglio analitico e interdisciplinare, strutturato in tre grandi aree: strategica, economico-manageriale e giuridica. La definizione di outsourcing adottata nella tesi è ampia e comprende non solo il trasferimento di attività “non core”, ma anche funzioni che in passato erano centrali per l’amministrazione, oggi esternalizzate in virtù della loro complessità tecnica o della necessità di specializzazione. La relazione tra committente pubblico e fornitore privato viene intesa non come un mero scambio contrattuale, ma come una forma di alleanza strategica. La riflessione si estende poi alla dimensione giuridica, evidenziando come l’outsourcing nella pubblica amministrazione sia legittimato dal principio di economicità sancito dall’articolo 97 della Costituzione. Tuttavia, proprio la natura pubblica del soggetto committente impone una serie di vincoli, come la trasparenza, la parità di trattamento tra i concorrenti, la responsabilità per il soddisfacimento dell’interesse pubblico. È in questo quadro che la tesi sottolinea la necessità di regolamentare in modo puntuale le modalità di affidamento, i criteri di selezione e le clausole contrattuali, evitando ambiguità e garantendo sempre il controllo pubblico sul servizio delegato. Dal punto di vista normativo, particolare rilievo assume la disciplina sui contratti pubblici, recentemente aggiornata con il nuovo Codice dei contratti. La normativa impone all’amministrazione non solo di motivare le scelte di outsourcing, ma anche di vigilare sulla qualità del servizio, sull’equilibrio economico-finanziario del rapporto e sulla tutela del personale eventualmente coinvolto nei trasferimenti di attività. Nel complesso, la tesi propone una lettura dell’outsourcing non come scelta emergenziale, ma come componente strutturale della governance pubblica contemporanea. Quando correttamente progettato e gestito, l’outsourcing consente di coniugare efficienza e sicurezza, innovazione e controllo. Ciò richiede però una forte capacità amministrativa, una cultura manageriale orientata al risultato e un quadro normativo chiaro, trasparente e coerente con le finalità del settore pubblico. L’elaborato si chiude con l’intento di offrire non solo una ricostruzione teorica, ma anche indicazioni operative per la pubblica amministrazione, in particolare per il settore difesa. La proposta di fondo è quella di una governance fondata sulla cooperazione, in cui pubblico e privato condividano non solo risorse e competenze, ma anche responsabilità e obiettivi di lungo termine.
In the lasts decades, outsourcing has emerged as one of the primary tools for organizational restructuring in both the private and public sectors. The global context—marked by increasing complexity in strategic and technological challenges—has led the defense sector as well to reconsider its organizational models, progressively integrating outsourcing practices. This thesis addresses the topic of outsourcing within defense administration through an analytical and interdisciplinary approach, structured around three key dimensions: strategic, economic-managerial, and legal. The definition of outsourcing adopted in the thesis is broad and encompasses not only the transfer of "non-core" activities but also functions that were once central to the administration, now outsourced due to their technical complexity or the need for specialized expertise. The relationship between public contracting authorities and private providers is not understood as a mere contractual exchange, but rather as a form of strategic alliance. The discussion then extends into the legal dimension, highlighting how outsourcing in public administration is legitimized by the principle of economic efficiency, as enshrined in Article 97 of the Italian Constitution. However, the public nature of the contracting authority imposes a series of obligations, such as transparency, equal treatment of bidders, and accountability in meeting the public interest. Within this framework, the thesis emphasizes the necessity of clearly regulating the methods of awarding contracts, the selection criteria, and the contractual clauses, thereby avoiding ambiguity and always ensuring public oversight over the outsourced service. From a legal standpoint, particular emphasis is placed on public procurement regulations, recently updated with the new Public Contracts Code. These regulations require administrations not only to justify their outsourcing decisions but also to monitor service quality, ensure the economic and financial sustainability of the relationship, and protect personnel potentially affected by the transfer of activities. Overall, the thesis presents outsourcing not as an emergency measure, but as a structural component of modern public governance. When properly designed and managed, outsourcing can combine efficiency and security, innovation and control. However, this requires strong administrative capacity, a results-oriented managerial culture, and a clear, transparent regulatory framework consistent with public sector objectives. The thesis concludes with the aim of providing not only a theoretical framework but also practical guidance for public administration—particularly in the defense sector. The central proposal is a model of governance based on cooperation, in which public and private actors share not only resources and expertise, but also long-term responsibilities and objectives.
In the lasts decades, outsourcing has emerged as one of the primary tools for organizational restructuring in both the private and public sectors. The global context—marked by increasing complexity in strategic and technological challenges—has led the defense sector as well to reconsider its organizational models, progressively integrating outsourcing practices. This thesis addresses the topic of outsourcing within defense administration through an analytical and interdisciplinary approach, structured around three key dimensions: strategic, economic-managerial, and legal. The definition of outsourcing adopted in the thesis is broad and encompasses not only the transfer of "non-core" activities but also functions that were once central to the administration, now outsourced due to their technical complexity or the need for specialized expertise. The relationship between public contracting authorities and private providers is not understood as a mere contractual exchange, but rather as a form of strategic alliance. The discussion then extends into the legal dimension, highlighting how outsourcing in public administration is legitimized by the principle of economic efficiency, as enshrined in Article 97 of the Italian Constitution. However, the public nature of the contracting authority imposes a series of obligations, such as transparency, equal treatment of bidders, and accountability in meeting the public interest. Within this framework, the thesis emphasizes the necessity of clearly regulating the methods of awarding contracts, the selection criteria, and the contractual clauses, thereby avoiding ambiguity and always ensuring public oversight over the outsourced service. From a legal standpoint, particular emphasis is placed on public procurement regulations, recently updated with the new Public Contracts Code. These regulations require administrations not only to justify their outsourcing decisions but also to monitor service quality, ensure the economic and financial sustainability of the relationship, and protect personnel potentially affected by the transfer of activities. Overall, the thesis presents outsourcing not as an emergency measure, but as a structural component of modern public governance. When properly designed and managed, outsourcing can combine efficiency and security, innovation and control. However, this requires strong administrative capacity, a results-oriented managerial culture, and a clear, transparent regulatory framework consistent with public sector objectives. The thesis concludes with the aim of providing not only a theoretical framework but also practical guidance for public administration—particularly in the defense sector. The central proposal is a model of governance based on cooperation, in which public and private actors share not only resources and expertise, but also long-term responsibilities and objectives.
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La tesi non è consultabile. |