Tesi etd-02102022-210844 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale
Autore
GUIDOTTI, LORENZO
URN
etd-02102022-210844
Titolo
NaHS protegge le cellule HEI-OC1 dall'effetto tossico del cisplatino modulando i sistemi antiossidanti
Dipartimento
BIOLOGIA
Corso di studi
BIOLOGIA APPLICATA ALLA BIOMEDICINA
Relatori
relatore Prof.ssa Garcia Gil, Maria De Las Mercedes
Parole chiave
- antiossidante (antioxidant)
- cisplatino (cisplatin)
- hei-oc1
- NaHS
- ototossicità (ototoxicity)
Data inizio appello
22/03/2022
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
22/03/2025
Riassunto
La linea cellulare “House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1” (HEI-OC1) deriva dall’organo uditivo del topo transgenico Immortomouse TM (H-2Kb-tsA58), esprime numerosi marcatori cocleari, presenta un’elevata sensibilità verso i farmaci ototossici, ed è ampiamente utilizzata come modello in vitro per l’indagine dei meccanismi molecolari coinvolti nell’ototossicità. Il cisplatino, un chemioterapico molto usato in ambito oncologico per curare vari tipi di tumori solidi, ha effetti ototossici dovuti allo sviluppo di danni al DNA, l’aumento delle specie reattive dell’ossigeno, la riduzione delle attività antiossidanti e l’aumento del tasso di infiammazione locale, che provocano nel tempo la morte e /o la mancata funzionalità delle cellule sensoriali. È stato dimostrato che, alcune sostanze come il bisolfuro sodico (NaHS), agiscono da otoprotettori. Lo scopo di questa tesi è stato quello di indagare i possibili meccanismi alla base dell’effetto otoprotettivo indotto da NaHS. A tal proposito sono stati condotti esperimenti di real time PCR e immunoblotting con l’obbiettivo di analizzare l’espressione di geni e proteine coinvolti nello stress ossidativo, quali la eme-ossigenasi 1 (HO1), la subunità catalitica della glutammato cisteina ligasi (GCLC), la superossido dismutasi 2 (SOD2), la NADPH chinone deidrogenasi di tipo 1 (NQO1), il fattore nucleare eritroide correlato al fattore 2 (NRF2), il trasduttore del segnale e attivatore della trascrizione di tipo 3 (STAT-3) ed il fattore nucleare kB (NFkB). Sono stati condotti anche alcuni esperimenti per valutare se NaHS fosse in grado di modulare l’attività della sfingomielinasi acida. I risultati mostrano che il trattamento con cisplatino per 24 ore aumenta la trascrizione di NRF2, la fosforilazione di NFkB e l’attività della sfingomielinasi acida, mentre diminuisce la fosforilazione di STAT3. L’aggiunta di NaHS non ha cambiato i livelli di trascrizione di NRF2 e non ha cambiato l’espressione di pSTAT3 e pNFkB, ma ha aumentato i livelli trascrizionali di HO1, SOD2, NQO1 e GCLC, e diminuito l’attività della sfingomielinasi acida, rispetto al trattamento con solo cisplatino. Per tanto, NaHS aumenta la risposta antiossidante endogena nelle HEI-OC1, contrastando l’effetto citotossico del cisplatino.
The cell line “House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti” (HEI-OC1) derives from the hearing organ of the Immortomouse TM (H-2Kb-tsA58), expresses numerous cochlear markers, has a high sensitivity to ototoxic drugs, and is widely used as an in vitro model for studying the molecular mechanisms involved in ototoxicity. Cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in oncology for the treatment of various types of solid tumors, has ototoxic effects due to the induction of DNA damage, the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), the reduction in antioxidant activity and the increase in the rate of local inflammation, which over time cause the death and/or lack of function of the sensory cells. Some substances such as sodium disulfide (NaHS) have been suggested to act as hearing protectors. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the possible mechanisms the protective effect of NaHS. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblotting experiments were performed in order to analyze the gene expression and protein expression involved in oxidative stress, such as heme oxygenase 1 (HO1), catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (CGCL), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), NADPH quinone dehydrogenase type 1 (NQO1), nuclear factor erythroid 2 - related factor 2 (NRF2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor kB (NFkB). In addition, some experiments were conducted for to evaluate whether NaHS was able to modulate the activity of acid sphingomyelinase. The results show that cisplatin treatment for 24 hours increases NRF2 transcription, NFkB phosphorylation and acid sphingomyelinase activity, whereas it decreases STAT3 phosphorylation. The addition of NaHS did not change NRF2 transcription levels and did not change the expression of phospho-STAT3 and phospho-NFkB, but it did increase HO1, SOD2, NQO1 and GLCL transcription, and decreased acid sphingomyelinase activity, compared to cisplatin treatment. Therefore, NaHS increases the endogenous antioxidant response in HEI-OC1, counteracting the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin.
The cell line “House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti” (HEI-OC1) derives from the hearing organ of the Immortomouse TM (H-2Kb-tsA58), expresses numerous cochlear markers, has a high sensitivity to ototoxic drugs, and is widely used as an in vitro model for studying the molecular mechanisms involved in ototoxicity. Cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in oncology for the treatment of various types of solid tumors, has ototoxic effects due to the induction of DNA damage, the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), the reduction in antioxidant activity and the increase in the rate of local inflammation, which over time cause the death and/or lack of function of the sensory cells. Some substances such as sodium disulfide (NaHS) have been suggested to act as hearing protectors. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the possible mechanisms the protective effect of NaHS. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunoblotting experiments were performed in order to analyze the gene expression and protein expression involved in oxidative stress, such as heme oxygenase 1 (HO1), catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (CGCL), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), NADPH quinone dehydrogenase type 1 (NQO1), nuclear factor erythroid 2 - related factor 2 (NRF2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor kB (NFkB). In addition, some experiments were conducted for to evaluate whether NaHS was able to modulate the activity of acid sphingomyelinase. The results show that cisplatin treatment for 24 hours increases NRF2 transcription, NFkB phosphorylation and acid sphingomyelinase activity, whereas it decreases STAT3 phosphorylation. The addition of NaHS did not change NRF2 transcription levels and did not change the expression of phospho-STAT3 and phospho-NFkB, but it did increase HO1, SOD2, NQO1 and GLCL transcription, and decreased acid sphingomyelinase activity, compared to cisplatin treatment. Therefore, NaHS increases the endogenous antioxidant response in HEI-OC1, counteracting the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin.
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