Tesi etd-01032026-173846 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale LM5
Autore
SHKRETA, MUHARREM
URN
etd-01032026-173846
Titolo
Sintesi di nuovi derivati piridopirimidinici e flavonici quali potenziali inibitori MAO-B per il trattamento delle patologie neurodegenerative
Dipartimento
FARMACIA
Corso di studi
CHIMICA E TECNOLOGIA FARMACEUTICHE
Relatori
relatore Prof.ssa Salerno, Silvia
relatore Prof.ssa Taliani, Sabrina
correlatore Dott. Fabbri, Giovanni
relatore Prof.ssa Taliani, Sabrina
correlatore Dott. Fabbri, Giovanni
Parole chiave
- inibitori MAO-B
- malattie neurodegenerative
- sintesi
Data inizio appello
21/01/2026
Consultabilità
Completa
Riassunto
Le malattie neurodegenerative sono patologie croniche a carico delle cellule nervose appartenenti alle vie neuronali centrali e periferiche. Attualmente i meccanismi e fattori di rischio di questa patologia sono ancora studiati ma molti studi sono concordi sull’influenza della formazione di aggregati proteici, dello stress ossidativo derivante da più fattori e dalla formazione di radicali liberi quali ROS e RNS. Tra i vari trattamenti ideati gli inibitori dell’enzima mono-ammino ossidasi (MAO) hanno attratto l’interesse degli studiosi. Questi enzimi si trovano in due isoforme: MAO-A e MAO-B. la MAO-B è distribuita principalmente a livello delle cellule gliali e la loro attività aumenta con l’età e in caso di condizioni neurodegenerative; per questo è studiata come target farmacologico per il trattamento di disturbi neurodegenerativi.nel laboratorio presso il quale ho svolto il mio lavoro di tesi sperimentale, attraverso una campagna di screening è stata individuata una libreria di composti 2-(arilamino)-7,8-diidrochinazolin-5(6H)-oni, caratterizzati dall'assenza di attività citotossica su cellule umane e con un interessante profilo inibitorio degli enzimi MAO. Il seguente lavoro di tesi si inserisce in questa ricerca di nuovi inibitori MAO-B attraverso modifiche allo scaffold risultato efficace nello studio precedente e ad un altro scaffold flavonico riscontrato efficace in un altro studio. In particolare l’obbiettivo del mio lavoro di tesi è stato sintetizzare derivati 4-anilinochinazolinici e anilino-etilamino-chinazolinici cloro sostituiti in varie posizioni, e la sintesi di derivati flavonici a loro volta cloro sostituiti per analizzarne l’efficacia come inibitrori MAO-B al variare del numero e posizione dei clori.
Neurodegenerative diseases are chronic diseases affecting nerve cells belonging to the central and peripheral neuronal pathways. Currently, the mechanisms and risk factors of this pathology are still studied, but many studies agree on the influence of protein aggregate formation, oxidative stress resulting from multiple factors, and the formation of free radicals such as ROS and RNS. Among the various treatments developed, inhibitors of the enzyme mono-amino oxidase (MAO) have attracted the interest of researchers. These enzymes are found in two isoforms: MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-B is distributed primarily in glial cells and their activity increases with age and in neurodegenerative conditions; for this reason, it is being studied as a pharmacological target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In the laboratory where I conducted my experimental thesis, through a screening campaign, a library of 2 - (arylamino) -7,8-dihydroquinazolin-5 (6 H) - oni compounds was identified, characterized by the absence of cytotoxic activity on human cells and with an interesting inhibitory profile of mao enzymes. The following thesis work is part of this search for new MAO-B inhibitors through modifications to the scaffold found to be effective in the previous study and to another flavone scaffold found to be effective in another study. In particular, the aim of my thesis work was to synthesize chloro-substituted 4-anilinoquinazoline and anilino-ethylaminoquinazoline derivatives at various positions, and to synthesize chloro-substituted flavone derivatives to analyze their efficacy as MAO-B inhibitors as the number and position of chloros vary.
Neurodegenerative diseases are chronic diseases affecting nerve cells belonging to the central and peripheral neuronal pathways. Currently, the mechanisms and risk factors of this pathology are still studied, but many studies agree on the influence of protein aggregate formation, oxidative stress resulting from multiple factors, and the formation of free radicals such as ROS and RNS. Among the various treatments developed, inhibitors of the enzyme mono-amino oxidase (MAO) have attracted the interest of researchers. These enzymes are found in two isoforms: MAO-A and MAO-B. MAO-B is distributed primarily in glial cells and their activity increases with age and in neurodegenerative conditions; for this reason, it is being studied as a pharmacological target for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. In the laboratory where I conducted my experimental thesis, through a screening campaign, a library of 2 - (arylamino) -7,8-dihydroquinazolin-5 (6 H) - oni compounds was identified, characterized by the absence of cytotoxic activity on human cells and with an interesting inhibitory profile of mao enzymes. The following thesis work is part of this search for new MAO-B inhibitors through modifications to the scaffold found to be effective in the previous study and to another flavone scaffold found to be effective in another study. In particular, the aim of my thesis work was to synthesize chloro-substituted 4-anilinoquinazoline and anilino-ethylaminoquinazoline derivatives at various positions, and to synthesize chloro-substituted flavone derivatives to analyze their efficacy as MAO-B inhibitors as the number and position of chloros vary.
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