Tesi etd-10262016-142824 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di dottorato di ricerca
Autore
CAMPIGLI, MICHELA
URN
etd-10262016-142824
Titolo
Il Mieloma Multiplo del cane e le alterazioni emostatiche come fattore prognostico di malattia: aspetti comparativi con l’uomo.
Settore scientifico disciplinare
VET/08
Corso di studi
SCIENZE VETERINARIE
Relatori
tutor Prof. Lubas, George
Parole chiave
- cane
- epidemiologia
- fattori prognostici
- Mieloma multiplo
- profilo emostatico
- uomo
Data inizio appello
12/12/2016
Consultabilità
Completa
Riassunto
Riassunto: Il mieloma multiplo (MM) è un raro tumore linfoproliferativo, incurabile nel cane e nell’uomo. I pazienti umani con MM hanno uno stato di ipercoagulabilità mentre i cani affetti da MM presentano o sviluppano condizioni emorragiche. In questa tesi sono stati realizzati, impiegando il database elettronico (P.O.A SystemPlus9.0®) della “Clinica Veterinaria Privata San Marco di Padova”, uno studio epidemiologico retrospettivo, caso controllo (A) e uno studio prospettico di coorte (B) sul profilo emostatico su un gruppo di cani affetti da MM. Nello studio A tra due gruppi (cani con MM e controlli rappresentati da tutti i pazienti osservati nello stesso arco temporale, n. 47.949) è stata analizzata la differenza in età e nel peso (test di Mann-Whitney), la differenza del sesso e condizione sessuale (test di Pearson X2) e il rischio di sviluppare il MM tra le diverse razze (Odd Ratio). Nello studio B insieme al gruppo di cani con MM (G1, n=78) è stato considerato un gruppo di cani sani (G2, n=78) e un gruppo di cani ammalati di altre patologie (G3, n=78) per analizzare i rispettivi profili emostatici (aPTT, PT, fibrinogeno, TT, FPDs, D-D e AT). All’interno dei cani con MM sono stati studiati i soggetti clinicamente sanguinanti (B-MM, n=45) e quelli non sanguinanti (NB-MM, n=33) (test di Kruskal-Wallis e Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney) ed è stato valutato il rischio di mortalità a 90 giorni dopo la diagnosi (test di Pearson's X2). E’ stato anche indagato il parametro emostatico con la migliore predizione di mortalità (curva ROC). Infine, è stata valutata la componente M (monoclonale) della sieroelettroforesi vs. il profilo emostatico (test di Spearman). Nello studio A sono stati identificati 78/47.949 cani con MM (prevalenza 0.16%). I cani con MM erano significativamente più pesanti (p=0.0002) e la razza Schnautzer Gigante aveva un aumentato rischio (p<0,0001). Nello studio B l’analisi del profilo emostatico ha evidenziato: PT e aPTT nel G1> G2 e G3 (p=0.001), TT nel G1> G3 (p=0.001), PLT e AT nel G1< G2 e G3 (p=0.001) e il fibrinogeno nel G1< G3 (p=0.01). PLT e AT sono diminuite in B-MM vs. NB-MM (p=0.04; p=0.026); PT e aPTT sono aumentate in B-MM vs. NB-MM (p=0.026; p=0.03). I cani nel gruppo B-MM mostrano una minore mortalità rispetto ai cani del gruppo NB-MM (p<0.028). Il TT ha la migliore predizione di mortalità (p<0.04). La componente M è risultata particolarmente associata ad AT e aPTT (rho= -.811 e -730). I cani Schnauzer giganti, le femmine sterilizzate o i maschi interi, con elevato peso corporeo e gli anziani sono a rischio di sviluppare MM. L’emostasi primaria e secondaria risultano compromesse nei cani con MM, mentre l’emostasi terziaria non è alterata. I cani con MM e segni clinici di
sanguinamento hanno paradossalmente un effetto protettivo nei confronti della morte.
Abstract: multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare lymphoproliferative tumor, incurable in dogs and humans. Humans with MM have a hypercoagulable state, while dogs with MM show or develop hemorrhagic conditions. In this dissertation we investigated the epidemiology (retrospective case-control study, A) and the hemostatic profile (prospective cohort study B) in a group of dogs with MM using the electronic database (POA SystemPlus9.0®) of the “Private Veterinary Clinic San Marco of Padova”. In the study A differences in age and body weight (Mann-test Whitney), sex and gende (Pearson's X2 test), and risk of developing MM within different breeds (Odd Ratio) of dogs were analysed. In study B the hemostatic profile (aPTT, PT, fibrinogen, TT, FPDs, D-dimer, and AT) of dogs with MM (G1 group, n = 78) was compared with two control groups: healthy dogs (G2, n = 78) and sick dogs with other diseases (G3, n = 78). In dogs with MM differences in hemostatic profile (Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test) and 90-days mortality risk (Pearson's X2 test) within dogs with clinical bleeding (B-MM, n=45) and non-bleeding dogs(NB-MM, n=33) were evaluated. The best hemostatic analyte to predict 90 days mortality (ROC curve) was also investigated. Finally, any correlation between the M component (monoclonal) from serum protein electrophoresis and the hemostatic analytes (Spearman test) was assessed. Prevalence of MM was 0.16% (78/47,949 dogs). The body weight was significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.0002). Giant Schnauzer showed an increased risk (p <0.0001) compared to other breeds. In study B significant differences in hemostatic profile were: PT and aPTT in G1> G2 and G3 (p=0.001); TT in G1> G3 (p = 0.001), PLT and AT in G1< G2 and G3 (p=0.001); fibrinogen in G1< G3 (p=0.01). PLT and AT were decreased in B-MM vs. NB-MM (p=0.04 and p=0.026, respectively); PT and aPTT were increased in B-MM vs. NB-MM (p = 0.026 and p = 0.03, respectively). Dogs in the B-MM group showed a lower mortality compared to NB-MM group dogs (p<0.028). The TT was the best predictor of mortality (p<0.04). The M component was particularly associated with AT and aPTT (rho;-811 and -730, respectively). Giant Schnauzer dogs, male and neutered females, with higher body weight and older are at increased risk to develop MM. The primary and secondary hemostasis is compromised in dogs with MM, while the tertiary hemostasis is not altered. Dogs with MM and clinical signs of bleeding have a protective effect against death.
sanguinamento hanno paradossalmente un effetto protettivo nei confronti della morte.
Abstract: multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare lymphoproliferative tumor, incurable in dogs and humans. Humans with MM have a hypercoagulable state, while dogs with MM show or develop hemorrhagic conditions. In this dissertation we investigated the epidemiology (retrospective case-control study, A) and the hemostatic profile (prospective cohort study B) in a group of dogs with MM using the electronic database (POA SystemPlus9.0®) of the “Private Veterinary Clinic San Marco of Padova”. In the study A differences in age and body weight (Mann-test Whitney), sex and gende (Pearson's X2 test), and risk of developing MM within different breeds (Odd Ratio) of dogs were analysed. In study B the hemostatic profile (aPTT, PT, fibrinogen, TT, FPDs, D-dimer, and AT) of dogs with MM (G1 group, n = 78) was compared with two control groups: healthy dogs (G2, n = 78) and sick dogs with other diseases (G3, n = 78). In dogs with MM differences in hemostatic profile (Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test) and 90-days mortality risk (Pearson's X2 test) within dogs with clinical bleeding (B-MM, n=45) and non-bleeding dogs(NB-MM, n=33) were evaluated. The best hemostatic analyte to predict 90 days mortality (ROC curve) was also investigated. Finally, any correlation between the M component (monoclonal) from serum protein electrophoresis and the hemostatic analytes (Spearman test) was assessed. Prevalence of MM was 0.16% (78/47,949 dogs). The body weight was significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.0002). Giant Schnauzer showed an increased risk (p <0.0001) compared to other breeds. In study B significant differences in hemostatic profile were: PT and aPTT in G1> G2 and G3 (p=0.001); TT in G1> G3 (p = 0.001), PLT and AT in G1< G2 and G3 (p=0.001); fibrinogen in G1< G3 (p=0.01). PLT and AT were decreased in B-MM vs. NB-MM (p=0.04 and p=0.026, respectively); PT and aPTT were increased in B-MM vs. NB-MM (p = 0.026 and p = 0.03, respectively). Dogs in the B-MM group showed a lower mortality compared to NB-MM group dogs (p<0.028). The TT was the best predictor of mortality (p<0.04). The M component was particularly associated with AT and aPTT (rho;-811 and -730, respectively). Giant Schnauzer dogs, male and neutered females, with higher body weight and older are at increased risk to develop MM. The primary and secondary hemostasis is compromised in dogs with MM, while the tertiary hemostasis is not altered. Dogs with MM and clinical signs of bleeding have a protective effect against death.
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