• anemia
• anemia da deficienza di ferro
• anemia da infiammazione cronica
• anticorpi
• cane
• CCECAI
• citopenie immuno-mediate
• emolisi subclinica
• enteropatia cronica
• Immunosuppressant-responsive enteripathy
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease
• linfociti reattivi
• manifestazioni extra-intestinali
• NRBC

Immunosuppressant Responsive Enteropathy (IRE) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder affecting dogs of all ages. The immunopathogenesis of IRE is similar to human IBD (Inflammatory Bowel Disease). The diagnosis of IRE is based on histological features of intestinal inflammation associated with the necessity of immune-modulating therapy. Several extraintestinal manifestations were present in human IBD, including immune-mediated cytopenias. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of erythrocyte antibodies in dogs with IRE and evaluate the erythrograms. Antibodies were present in 70,6% of dogs with IRE, but this were not statistically associated with the severity of enteropathy, clinical, endoscopic and histopathological score. Anemia was present in 87,5% of dogs with antibodies and the main alteration in blood smears were signs of regeneration: NRBC (57,1%), anisocytosis (42,9%), polychromasia (28,6%), HJ bodies (28,6%) and for the WBC presence of reactive lymphocytes, whose frequency was 64,7%. The patterns of anemia were normochromic normocytic (62%), normochromic microcytic (25%), normochromic macrocytic (13%). Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are anemia of chronic inflammation (ACD) and an iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Signs of regeneration are not typical of chronic patient, so an immuno-mediated haemolytic pathogenesis may not be excluded. The pathogenetic mechanisms underlying anemia in IRE may be multiple and overlapping.