Tesi etd-09302014-225625 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale LM5
Autore
TANZINI, CELESTE
URN
etd-09302014-225625
Titolo
Macroenzimi nel cane: studio preliminare
Dipartimento
SCIENZE VETERINARIE
Corso di studi
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
Relatori
relatore Marchetti, Veronica
Parole chiave
- cane
- dog
- enteropatici
- enterophatic
- macroenzimi
- nefropatici
- nephropathic
- polietilen-glicole macroenzymes
- polyethylene-glycol
Data inizio appello
24/10/2014
Consultabilità
Completa
Riassunto
I macroenzimi sono una realtà ben conosciuta in medicina umana, ma poco nota in medicina veterinaria. Questo studio indaga la presenza della macroamilasi e della macrofosfatasi alcalina in 24 cani nefropatici, 22 enteropatici e 34 di controllo tramite la precipitazione con polietilen-glicole (PEG). Sulla base della popolazione di controllo abbiamo individuato un range di riferimento per stabilire la percentuale di precipitazione (%PPA) degli enzimi. Risultati: range %PPA amilasi 74%- 98%, fosfatasi alcalina (ALP) 43%- 96%. Amilasi: enteropatici %PPA media <74%. In 2/22 >98%. Nefropatici <43%, in 1/24 >98%. Differenza %PPA infiammazione si/controllo significativo (p<0,0001). ALP: enteropatici %PPA media 76,3%. In 4/23 >96%. Nefropatici 80,4%, in 3/22 > 96%. Differenza %PPA infiammazione si/controllo non significativo (p>0,05). Infiammazione no/controllo significativo solo per amilasi (p<0,05). In conclusione i range di riferimento risultano spostati verso valori alti probabilmente per presenza di macroenzimi nel controllo, ma i macroenzimi sono difficili da individuare perché spesso presenti in soggetti i cui valori sierici rientrano nella norma. Inaspettatamente non si rileva una %PPA maggiore nei soggetti con stato infiammatorio, ma va considerato che i parametri utilizzati per stabilire la presenza/assenza di flogosi sono aspecifici e che il PEG è relativamente specifico per le immunoglobuline. Il PEG può essere un metodo di screening rapido per verificare la presenza dei macroenzimi, ma è utile associare un test di conferma quale ultracentrifugazione o cromatografia.
Macroenzymes are well known in human medicine, but little known in veterinary medicine. This study investigates the presence of macroamylase and macroalkaline phosphatase in 24 dogs with renal disease, 22 with enteropathy and 34 control through precipitation with polyethylene glycol (PEG). On the basis of the control population, we have identified a range of reference to define the percentage of precipitation (% PPA) enzymes. Results: PPA amylase% range 74% - 98%, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 43% - 96%. Amylase: enterophatic% PPA average <74%. In 2/22> 98%. Kidney disease <43%, 1/24 in> 98%. Difference% PPA inflammation/control significantive (p <0.0001). ALP: enterophatic %PPA average 76.3%. In 4/23> 96%. Kidney disease 80.4%, 3/22 in> 96%. Difference %PPA inflammation/control not significantive (p> 0.05). Inflammation no/control significantive only for amylase (p <0.05). In conclusion, the reference range is shifted towards higher values probably due to the presence of macroenzymes in control, but the macroenzymes are difficult to detect because they are often present in patient whose serum levels are normal. Unexpectedly, subjects with inflammatory state have not a PPA% appreciable higher, but we must consider that the parameters used to establish the presence/absence of inflammation are nonspecific and that the PEG is relatively specific for immunoglobulins. The PEG can be a rapid screening method for the presence of macroenzymes, but it is useful to associate a confirmatory test such as ultracentrifugation or chromatography.
Macroenzymes are well known in human medicine, but little known in veterinary medicine. This study investigates the presence of macroamylase and macroalkaline phosphatase in 24 dogs with renal disease, 22 with enteropathy and 34 control through precipitation with polyethylene glycol (PEG). On the basis of the control population, we have identified a range of reference to define the percentage of precipitation (% PPA) enzymes. Results: PPA amylase% range 74% - 98%, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 43% - 96%. Amylase: enterophatic% PPA average <74%. In 2/22> 98%. Kidney disease <43%, 1/24 in> 98%. Difference% PPA inflammation/control significantive (p <0.0001). ALP: enterophatic %PPA average 76.3%. In 4/23> 96%. Kidney disease 80.4%, 3/22 in> 96%. Difference %PPA inflammation/control not significantive (p> 0.05). Inflammation no/control significantive only for amylase (p <0.05). In conclusion, the reference range is shifted towards higher values probably due to the presence of macroenzymes in control, but the macroenzymes are difficult to detect because they are often present in patient whose serum levels are normal. Unexpectedly, subjects with inflammatory state have not a PPA% appreciable higher, but we must consider that the parameters used to establish the presence/absence of inflammation are nonspecific and that the PEG is relatively specific for immunoglobulins. The PEG can be a rapid screening method for the presence of macroenzymes, but it is useful to associate a confirmatory test such as ultracentrifugation or chromatography.
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