Tesi etd-09272020-155028 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale LM5
Autore
RENAI, SILVIA
URN
etd-09272020-155028
Titolo
Aspetti radiografici polmonari in cani affetti da leptospirosi
Dipartimento
SCIENZE VETERINARIE
Corso di studi
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
Relatori
relatore Prof.ssa Citi, Simonetta
correlatore Dott.ssa Pelligra, Tina
controrelatore Dott.ssa Lippi, Ilaria
correlatore Dott.ssa Pelligra, Tina
controrelatore Dott.ssa Lippi, Ilaria
Parole chiave
- cane
- dispnea
- dog
- dyspnea
- emorragia polmonare
- leptospirosi
- leptospirosis
- pulmonary hemorrhage
- radiografia
- x-ray
Data inizio appello
23/10/2020
Consultabilità
Completa
Riassunto
La leptospirosi è una malattia infettiva sistemica con distribuzione mondiale che colpisce numerosi mammiferi tra cui anche l’uomo e il cane. Oltre alle forme con ittero, AKI, febbre, nel cane è aumentato il coinvolgimento polmonare, che nella maggior parte dei casi si presenta con emorragia polmonare e che viene diagnosticato con la radiografia toracica. Nel nostro studio retrospettivo 41 pazienti, 28 maschi e 13 femmine con leptospirosi sono stati suddivisi in 4 categorie in base all’outcome, sono state scattate radiografie in entrata ed è stata studiata la variazione tra il tipo di pattern polmonare, la sua distribuzione, il versamento pleurico e la dispnea in entrata. Il 51% dei pazienti aveva un pattern anomalo: l’interstiziale è stato il più comune e i lobi caudali i più colpiti; i deceduti per emorragia polmonare sono stati gli unici in cui il pattern interstiziale non è stato il più frequente. I pazienti con dispnea erano 10, di cui solo 2 sopravvissuti, gli altri 8 morti per cause respiratorie. La correlazione tra i vari aspetti radiografici considerati e l’outcome non è apparsa statisticamente significativa mentre quella tra dispnea e prognosi peggiore è risultata valida. Il nostro studio ha dimostrato anche che i cani con dispnea hanno elevata probabilità di avere alterazioni radiografiche ma che l’assenza di dispnea non esclude la presenza di segni radiografici patologici. Il coinvolgimento polmonare si è dimostrato la principale causa di morte del nostro gruppo di studio.
Leptospirosis is a worldwide distributed systemic infection that can affect several mammalian species, including humans and dogs. In addition to the classical manifestation with jaundice, AKI, fever, the pulmonary forms in dogs has increased in number and most of the time, these forms are characterized by pulmonary hemorrhage and diagnosed by thoracic X-ray. In our retrospective study, 41 patients, 28 males and 13 females with leptospirosis has been divided into 4 groups depending on the outcome, thoracic radiographs were obtained at the time of admission and the variability of the pulmonary pattern, its distribution, the pleural effusion and the dyspnea has been studied. 51% of the patients had a pathological pattern: the interstitial one was the most common, and the caudal lobes the most compromised; the ones who died for pulmonary hemorrhage were the only ones in which the interstitial pattern was less common. We found out dyspnea in 10 dogs, of which only 2 survived and 8 died for respiratory problems. The correlation between x-ray abnormalities and outcome wasn’t statistically significant, instead the one between dyspnea and a worst prognosis was found to be valid. Our study has proved that dogs with dyspnea had a high probability to show x-ray abnormalities but the absence of dyspnea doesn’t let us to exclude the presence of pathological radiographic signs. The main cause of death has been the pulmonary involvement.
Leptospirosis is a worldwide distributed systemic infection that can affect several mammalian species, including humans and dogs. In addition to the classical manifestation with jaundice, AKI, fever, the pulmonary forms in dogs has increased in number and most of the time, these forms are characterized by pulmonary hemorrhage and diagnosed by thoracic X-ray. In our retrospective study, 41 patients, 28 males and 13 females with leptospirosis has been divided into 4 groups depending on the outcome, thoracic radiographs were obtained at the time of admission and the variability of the pulmonary pattern, its distribution, the pleural effusion and the dyspnea has been studied. 51% of the patients had a pathological pattern: the interstitial one was the most common, and the caudal lobes the most compromised; the ones who died for pulmonary hemorrhage were the only ones in which the interstitial pattern was less common. We found out dyspnea in 10 dogs, of which only 2 survived and 8 died for respiratory problems. The correlation between x-ray abnormalities and outcome wasn’t statistically significant, instead the one between dyspnea and a worst prognosis was found to be valid. Our study has proved that dogs with dyspnea had a high probability to show x-ray abnormalities but the absence of dyspnea doesn’t let us to exclude the presence of pathological radiographic signs. The main cause of death has been the pulmonary involvement.
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