Tesi etd-05312022-143110 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale
Autore
GIUDICE, ALESSANDRO
URN
etd-05312022-143110
Titolo
La procedura giudiziaria nel diritto indiano antico. Uno studio comparato delle Vyavahāra-smṛti e dei capitoli sul vyavahāra dei Purāṇa
Dipartimento
FILOLOGIA, LETTERATURA E LINGUISTICA
Corso di studi
FILOLOGIA E STORIA DELL'ANTICHITA'
Relatori
relatore Prof.ssa Tommasi Moreschini, Chiara Ombretta
relatore Prof.ssa Candotti, Maria Piera
relatore Prof.ssa De Simini, Florinda
relatore Prof.ssa Candotti, Maria Piera
relatore Prof.ssa De Simini, Florinda
Parole chiave
- ancient Indian judicial procedure
- Dharmaśāstra
- diritto indiano
- Indian law
- procedura giudiziaria indiana
- Purāṇa
- ripresa testuale
- Smṛti
- textual reuse
- vyavahāra
Data inizio appello
11/07/2022
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
11/07/2062
Riassunto
ITA. La presente tesi di laurea magistrale indaga l’evoluzione della procedura giudiziaria indiana antica (vyavahāra), focalizzandosi sul periodo compreso tra l’epoca Gupta e post-Gupta. Nella prima parte della tesi, sono analizzate le tre vyavahāra-smṛti, opere quasi interamente dedicate alla procedura giudiziaria, ossia la Nārada-smṛti, la Bṛhaspati-smṛti e la Kātyāyana-smṛti. Il confronto tra queste ultime e le opere smṛtiche precedenti (Dharmasūtra, Mānavadharmaśāstra, Yājñavalkya-smṛti) palesa una graduale tecnicizzazione della procedura giudiziaria: a partire dall’epoca Gupta, gli Smṛtikāra ampliano le loro argomentazioni fino a coprire gran parte della casistica giurisprudenziale. Gli autori smṛtici dividono la discussione relativa al processo in sottosezioni, dedicate a singole aree di contenzioso (vyavahārapada): queste ultime, tuttavia, non coprono tutti gli ambiti del diritto, ma solo una parte delle cause legali di tipo privatistico; i vyavahārapada sono, infatti, dei raggruppamenti teorici delle dispute legali più comuni che la corte giudiziaria era tenuta a dirimere. La mia analisi si è concentrata su due vyavahārapada (deposito e gioco d’azzardo) e sulla discussione relativa alla procedura ordalica: dalla comparazione tra le vyavahāra-smṛti e le opere precedenti e successive risulta che, relativamente ad alcuni istituti, la dottrina giuridica possa subire uno sviluppo graduale, in cui ogni elemento introdotto in un testo smṛtico cronologicamente precedente si ritrova anche in un testo successivo, mentre, in relazione ad altri istituti, lo sviluppo della dottrina è discontinua, considerato che alcuni elementi non raggiungono una standardizzazione, subiscono modifiche rilevanti o si perdono nel corso del tempo. Nella seconda parte della tesi, si indaga il riuso testuale delle fonti smṛtiche operato da tre opere purāṇiche, l’Agni-purāṇa, il Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa e il Kumārikā-khaṇḍa; in particolare, sono analizzate la sezione ripresa dalla Nārada-smṛti dell’Agni-purāṇa (AP 252, 1-31) e i capitoli sulle ordalie del Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa (VDhP III, 328) e del Kumārikā-khaṇḍa (KK 44). Il passo dell’Agni-purāṇa, oltre a fornire delle informazioni generali sul vyavahāra, è strutturato come un indice per i capitoli successivi (AP 252, 32 – 257) che descrivono la procedura giudiziaria, riprendendo la trattazione della Yājñavalkya-smṛti. Il capitolo del Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa, ripreso in seguito dal Kumārikā-khaṇḍa, riporta la descrizione di otto ordalie: la sua fonte è probabilmente una Smṛti perduta, composta successivamente alla Kātyāyana-smṛti e precedentemente alla Pitāmaha-smṛti, di cui le opere purāṇiche sono gli unici testimoni indiretti.
ENG. This Master's thesis investigates the evolution of the ancient Indian judicial procedure (vyavahāra), focusing on the period between the Gupta and post-Gupta ages. In the first part of the thesis, I analyzed the three vyavahāra-smṛtis (Nārada-smṛti, Bṛhaspati-smṛti, Kātyāyana-smṛti), i.e., Smṛtic works almost entirely dedicated to the judicial procedure. The comparison between the latter and the previous Smṛtic works (Dharmasūtra, Mānavadharmaśāstra, Yājñavalkya-smṛti) reveals a gradual technicization of the judicial procedure: starting from the Gupta age, the Smṛtikāras expand their argumentations to cover most of the jurisprudential case law. The Smṛtic authors divide the discussion related to the judicial process into subsections, each of them devoted to a single area of litigation (vyavahārapada). However, the latter does not cover all the areas of law, but only a part of the private-law cases — the vyavahārapadas are theoretical groupings of the most common legal disputes that the judicial court had to settle. My analysis focused on two vyavahārapadas (deposit and gambling) and the discussion on the ordeal procedure. From the comparison between the vyavahāra-smṛtis and the previous and subsequent works, it appears that the legal doctrine could progress following two patterns. According to the first, the legal doctrine could undergo a gradual development, in which each element introduced in a previous Smṛti is also found in a subsequent one. According to the second, the development of the legal doctrine is discontinuous as some features do not reach a standardization, undergo relevant changes, or are lost over time. In the second part of the thesis, I investigated the textual reuse of Smṛtic sources made by three Purāṇic works, the Agni-purāṇa, the Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa, and the Kumārikā-khaṇḍa. In particular, I analyzed the section of the Agni-purāṇa (AP 252, 1-31) borrowed from the Nārada-smṛti and the chapters on the ordeals of the Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa (VDhP III, 328) and Kumārikā-khaṇḍa (KK 44). Besides providing general information on the vyavahāra, the passage of the Agni-purāṇa is structured as an index for the following chapters (AP 252, 32 - 257), which describe the judicial procedure, using the Yājñavalkya-smṛti as a source. The chapter of the Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa, employed as a source by the Kumārikā-khaṇḍa, describes eight ordeals as its source is probably a lost Smṛti, composed after the Kātyāyana-smṛti and before the Pitāmaha-smṛti, of which the Purāṇic works are the only indirect witnesses.
ENG. This Master's thesis investigates the evolution of the ancient Indian judicial procedure (vyavahāra), focusing on the period between the Gupta and post-Gupta ages. In the first part of the thesis, I analyzed the three vyavahāra-smṛtis (Nārada-smṛti, Bṛhaspati-smṛti, Kātyāyana-smṛti), i.e., Smṛtic works almost entirely dedicated to the judicial procedure. The comparison between the latter and the previous Smṛtic works (Dharmasūtra, Mānavadharmaśāstra, Yājñavalkya-smṛti) reveals a gradual technicization of the judicial procedure: starting from the Gupta age, the Smṛtikāras expand their argumentations to cover most of the jurisprudential case law. The Smṛtic authors divide the discussion related to the judicial process into subsections, each of them devoted to a single area of litigation (vyavahārapada). However, the latter does not cover all the areas of law, but only a part of the private-law cases — the vyavahārapadas are theoretical groupings of the most common legal disputes that the judicial court had to settle. My analysis focused on two vyavahārapadas (deposit and gambling) and the discussion on the ordeal procedure. From the comparison between the vyavahāra-smṛtis and the previous and subsequent works, it appears that the legal doctrine could progress following two patterns. According to the first, the legal doctrine could undergo a gradual development, in which each element introduced in a previous Smṛti is also found in a subsequent one. According to the second, the development of the legal doctrine is discontinuous as some features do not reach a standardization, undergo relevant changes, or are lost over time. In the second part of the thesis, I investigated the textual reuse of Smṛtic sources made by three Purāṇic works, the Agni-purāṇa, the Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa, and the Kumārikā-khaṇḍa. In particular, I analyzed the section of the Agni-purāṇa (AP 252, 1-31) borrowed from the Nārada-smṛti and the chapters on the ordeals of the Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa (VDhP III, 328) and Kumārikā-khaṇḍa (KK 44). Besides providing general information on the vyavahāra, the passage of the Agni-purāṇa is structured as an index for the following chapters (AP 252, 32 - 257), which describe the judicial procedure, using the Yājñavalkya-smṛti as a source. The chapter of the Viṣṇudharmottara-purāṇa, employed as a source by the Kumārikā-khaṇḍa, describes eight ordeals as its source is probably a lost Smṛti, composed after the Kātyāyana-smṛti and before the Pitāmaha-smṛti, of which the Purāṇic works are the only indirect witnesses.
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