ETD

Archivio digitale delle tesi discusse presso l'Università di Pisa

Tesi etd-05032018-153132


Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale
Autore
CANOVI, CAMILLA
URN
etd-05032018-153132
Titolo
Identification and characterization of LINE transposable elements in the gymnosperms Ginkgo biloba, Pinus taeda and Picea abies.
Dipartimento
SCIENZE AGRARIE, ALIMENTARI E AGRO-AMBIENTALI
Corso di studi
BIOTECNOLOGIE VEGETALI E MICROBICHE
Relatori
relatore Dott. Bernardi, Rodolfo
relatore Dott. Zuccolo, Andrea
correlatore Dott.ssa Pistelli, Laura
Parole chiave
  • transposable elements
  • LINEs
  • gymnosperms
Data inizio appello
21/05/2018
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
21/05/2088
Riassunto
Transposable elements (TEs) are a major component of plant genomes heavily contributing to their structure and functioning. They are powerful mutagenic agents, they are the principal responsible of genome size variation even between closely related species, they contribute to transcription regulation and they originate chromosomic rearrangements. Furthermore, TEs have a primary role in the evolution of species and the mobilization of these elements can modify gene regulatory network.
Gymnosperms have large genomes of which only a small fraction encodes for genes. The majority of the non-coding DNA is composed by TEs, in particular retroelements. There are a lot of studies focusing on LTR retrotransposons, whereas the other important class of retroelements (i.e.LINEs:Long Interspersed Nuclear Elements) was scarcely studied so far. Because of this reasons I decided to focus my attention on LINEs.
Similarity searches based on dot-plot analisys allowed the identification of about 200 LINEs for each species studied and the arrangement of these elements in families.
As a result, 7 families of LINEs are identified in Ginkgo biloba, 5 families in Pinus taeda and 6 families in Picea abies. For each family, the structure of a representative LINE was analized and characterised using the software ORF-Finder.
RepeatMasker has been used to quantify the presence of the identified LINEs in each genome: in Ginkgo biloba the percentage is 1,69%, in Pinus taeda is 1,2% and in Picea abies is 1,76%.
Further analisys in phylogeny are done with MEGA6 to better understand how LINEs are related in the three species considered.
File