Tesi etd-04052020-105312 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale
Autore
GALPERTI, GUENDA
URN
etd-04052020-105312
Titolo
Design, development and experimentation of a ring-shaped wearable sensor for motor assessment in neurodegenerative diseases
Dipartimento
INGEGNERIA DELL'INFORMAZIONE
Corso di studi
BIONICS ENGINEERING
Relatori
relatore Prof. Cavallo, Filippo
tutor Dott.ssa Rovini, Erika
controrelatore Prof. Tognetti, Alessandro
tutor Dott.ssa Rovini, Erika
controrelatore Prof. Tognetti, Alessandro
Parole chiave
- action planning
- dispositivo inerziale indossabile
- disturbo cognitivo lieve
- intenzioni sociali
- malattie neurodegenerative
- mild cognitive impairment
- neurodegenerative diseases
- pianificazione motoria
- reach-to-grasp protocol
- sequenze reach-to-grasp
- social intentions
- technical validation
- validazione tecnica
- wearable inertial device
Data inizio appello
24/04/2020
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
24/04/2090
Riassunto
Recenti studi sulle sequenze di reach-to-grasp hanno evidenziato come le intenzioni nel compiere un certo movimento influenzino la pianificazione della sequenza motoria e ne cambino la cinematica. I metodi tradizionali utilizzati per studiare il movimento sono sistemi optoelettronici, che sebbene registrino il movimento in modo accurato tramite l’utilizzo di telecamere a infrarossi, sono costosi, difficili da usare e richiedono strutture e personale specifico. In questo studio è stato quindi proposto SensRing, un sistema innovativo, indossabile, a forma di anello, facile da usare e in grado di registrare dati inerziali durante il movimento. Per validare il dispositivo elettronico è stata eseguita una fase preliminare in cui si è andati a confrontare le misure cinematiche derivanti dal SensRing rispetto al Vicon, il sistema optoelettronico usato come standard nell’analisi del movimento. Risultati promettenti ottenuti dal test di validazione, dimostrano l’accuratezza del sistema nelle misurazioni cinematiche. Un buon trade-off tra indossabilità e accuratezza della misura, rende SensRing un’ottima alternativa ai sistemi optoelettronici. Il dispositivo è stato quindi utilizzato per misurare le performance motorie durante un protocollo di reach-to-grasp. Risultati da questo studio rivelano come i parametri cinematici estratti dai dati inerziali di SensRing, sono in grado di differenziare azioni simili che differiscono soltanto dall’obiettivo finale o dal contesto in cui si svolge l’azione. Il dispositivo è stato poi testato in ambiente clinico su un gruppo di pazienti con disturbo cognitivo lieve (MCI). I risultati ottenuti dimostrano l’efficacia di questo protocollo nello studiare le disfunzioni esecutive, in termini di pianificazione del movimento e compromissione della sfera sociale legati all’apatia. Infatti, in un gruppo di pazienti affetti da sindrome disesecutiva, non sono state rilevate differenze significative tra azioni con obiettivi diversi, dimostrando come tali soggetti compiano il movimento in modo automatico, senza pianificarlo in base all’azione finale. I soggetti apatici risultano invece insensibili alla presenza di un’interazione sociale durante l’azione. In quest’ottica, questo lavoro porta dei miglioramenti atti a superare la soggettività e variabilità delle attuali pratiche cliniche, che utilizzano questionari e scale cliniche per valutare questo tipo di deficit nei pazienti con MCI.
Reach-to-grasp actions have been recently studied to highlight how intentions influence action planning and shape the movement. Analyzing the kinematics of these action sequences can reveal important information on motor planning and control in several pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases. Current methods are mainly based on optoelectronic motion analysis systems, which provide accurate movement tracking but are expensive, time-consuming and limited to some constrained research-oriented space. In this work, we proposed SensRing, an innovative, non-invasive and easy-to-use ring-shaped wearable inertial device.
Achieved results from accuracy evaluation test assess a good reliability in terms of kinematic measures of SensRing with respect to the Vicon system, a gold standard used for motion analysis. Indeed, a good trade-off between unobtrusiveness and accuracy of measurements, makes SensRing a proper alternative to optoelectronic systems for analyzing the kinematics during a reach-to-grasp protocol. Results show how motor patterns extracted from inertial data are able to differentiate similar actions that differ for end-goals (drinking, passing, placing) or context (acting individually or socially) in neurologically healthy control subjects. Moreover, its clinical application in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can reveal dysfunctions in executive functions, such as action planning, as well as social impairments related to apathy. In particular, in MCI patients no significant differences were found in motor patterns within different conditions, suggesting that they execute the action automatically without precisely planning according to the end goal of the action. On the other side, apathetic subjects seem unaffected by the presence of a social interaction during the action. In this framework, this work adds innovative tools to overcome the subjectiveness and variability of current clinical solutions, that are mainly based on clinical interviews, questionnaires and clinical scores.
Reach-to-grasp actions have been recently studied to highlight how intentions influence action planning and shape the movement. Analyzing the kinematics of these action sequences can reveal important information on motor planning and control in several pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases. Current methods are mainly based on optoelectronic motion analysis systems, which provide accurate movement tracking but are expensive, time-consuming and limited to some constrained research-oriented space. In this work, we proposed SensRing, an innovative, non-invasive and easy-to-use ring-shaped wearable inertial device.
Achieved results from accuracy evaluation test assess a good reliability in terms of kinematic measures of SensRing with respect to the Vicon system, a gold standard used for motion analysis. Indeed, a good trade-off between unobtrusiveness and accuracy of measurements, makes SensRing a proper alternative to optoelectronic systems for analyzing the kinematics during a reach-to-grasp protocol. Results show how motor patterns extracted from inertial data are able to differentiate similar actions that differ for end-goals (drinking, passing, placing) or context (acting individually or socially) in neurologically healthy control subjects. Moreover, its clinical application in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can reveal dysfunctions in executive functions, such as action planning, as well as social impairments related to apathy. In particular, in MCI patients no significant differences were found in motor patterns within different conditions, suggesting that they execute the action automatically without precisely planning according to the end goal of the action. On the other side, apathetic subjects seem unaffected by the presence of a social interaction during the action. In this framework, this work adds innovative tools to overcome the subjectiveness and variability of current clinical solutions, that are mainly based on clinical interviews, questionnaires and clinical scores.
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