Tesi etd-03172017-145133 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale LM5
Autore
PARISI, FRANCESCA
URN
etd-03172017-145133
Titolo
Utilizzo del punteggio polmonare rilevato al macello nel suino come indicatore dello stato di salute degli allevamenti suini all'origine
Dipartimento
SCIENZE VETERINARIE
Corso di studi
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
Relatori
relatore Prof. Poli, Alessandro
correlatore Dott.ssa Giuliotti, Lorella
correlatore Dott.ssa Giuliotti, Lorella
Parole chiave
- enzootic pneumonia
- immunohistochemistry
- immunoistochimica
- lesioni polmonari
- lung score
- lung score
- M. hyopneumoniae
- M. hyopneumoniae
- management
- management
- polmonite enzootica
- pulmonary lesions
- suino
- swine
- vaccination
- vaccinazione
Data inizio appello
07/04/2017
Consultabilità
Completa
Riassunto
Riassunto: La polmonite enzootica è tra le patologie economicamente più penalizzanti per l’allevamento suinicolo. L’infezione, sostenuta da M. hyopneumoniae, riconosce diversi fattori predisponenti, caratterizzandosi come una patologia ad eziologia multifattoriale. Nel presente lavoro sono stati esaminati, utilizzando il “lung score” descritto da Madec e Kobish (1982), 1103 polmoni di suini pesanti provenienti da allevamenti dell’Italia centro settentrionale e macellati tra Gennaio 2016 e Gennaio 2017. In 10 delle partite esaminate è stato possibile prelevare campioni di tessuto polmonare, che sono stati fissati in formalina e in sali di zinco per indagini istopatologiche e di immunoistochimica con anticorpi specifici anti -CD3, -CD79a e -IBA 1. Per ciascuna partita sono stati, inoltre, raccolti dati relativi al management aziendale e alla profilassi vaccinale dei soggetti negli allevamenti di origine. I risultati hanno permesso di rilevare come, tra i fattori di rischio esaminati, i maggiormente influenti sullo sviluppo di polmonite enzootica siano l’adozione del ciclo aperto, un peso di messa a terra inferiore di 30 kg, la presenza di pavimentazione fessurata e l’adozione di ventilazione sia naturale che artificiale. L’indagine istopatologica ha rivelato come i soggetti vaccinati abbiano lesioni significativamente ridotte a livello di bronchi, alveoli e interstizi e un’iperplasia del BALT più marcata. L’indagine morfometrica ha mostrato come i soggetti vaccinati senza polmonite abbiano a livello del BALT un maggior numero di linfociti B, T e minor numero di macrofagi, a livello dei setti interalveolari un maggior numero di linfociti B e macrofagi e un minor numero di linfociti T, mentre i soggetti vaccinati con polmonite abbiano un minor numero di linfociti B e un maggior numero di linfociti T e macrofagi sia a livello dei setti che a livello del BALT rispetto al gruppo di controllo dei non vaccinati. I soggetti senza polmonite hanno mostrato un maggior numero di linfociti T nella parete bronchiale rispetto ai soggetti senza polmonite.
Abstract: Enzootic pneumonia is one of the most disadvantageous desases in swine farming. Several predisposing factors are rilevant for M. hyopneumoniae infection, thus enzootic pneumonia is commonly classified as a disesase with multifactorial etiology. In the present study 1103 lungs of heavy pigs were examinated using the method described by Madec and Kobish (1982). From January 2016 to January 2017 slaughtered subjects from 18 different batches of central northern italian farms were examined. Lung tissue samples were collected from 10 out of the examinated batches. The samples were formalin and zinc salts fixed for histopathological and immunohistochemistry studies, these latter performed using antibodies against -CD3, -CD79a and -IBA 1. For each batch were also collected data related to farm management and vaccination. The results of our study demonstrated that open cycle, growing-finishing weight lower than 30 kg, the presence of slatted systems and the adoption of ventilation either natural or artificial are important factors for the cause of enzootic pneumonia. The histopathological investigation revealed that vaccinated subjects have smaller lesions in their bronchi, alveoli and interstices and a more marked BALT hyperplasia. Vaccinated subjects not affected by pneumonia presented, as revealed by immunohistochemistry investigation, in the BALT an higher count of B and T-lymphoid cells and a smaller amount of macrophages, while in the interalveolar septa a bigger amount of B-lymphoid cells and macrophages and a smaller amount of T-lymphoid cells. In addition, vaccinated subjects affected by pneumonia presented a smaller amount of B-lymphoid cells and an higher count of T-lymphoid cells and macrophages both in the septa and in the BALT. Subjects not affected by pneumonia presented an higher count of T-lymphoid cells in the bronchial wall compared to the subjects not affected by pneumonia.
Abstract: Enzootic pneumonia is one of the most disadvantageous desases in swine farming. Several predisposing factors are rilevant for M. hyopneumoniae infection, thus enzootic pneumonia is commonly classified as a disesase with multifactorial etiology. In the present study 1103 lungs of heavy pigs were examinated using the method described by Madec and Kobish (1982). From January 2016 to January 2017 slaughtered subjects from 18 different batches of central northern italian farms were examined. Lung tissue samples were collected from 10 out of the examinated batches. The samples were formalin and zinc salts fixed for histopathological and immunohistochemistry studies, these latter performed using antibodies against -CD3, -CD79a and -IBA 1. For each batch were also collected data related to farm management and vaccination. The results of our study demonstrated that open cycle, growing-finishing weight lower than 30 kg, the presence of slatted systems and the adoption of ventilation either natural or artificial are important factors for the cause of enzootic pneumonia. The histopathological investigation revealed that vaccinated subjects have smaller lesions in their bronchi, alveoli and interstices and a more marked BALT hyperplasia. Vaccinated subjects not affected by pneumonia presented, as revealed by immunohistochemistry investigation, in the BALT an higher count of B and T-lymphoid cells and a smaller amount of macrophages, while in the interalveolar septa a bigger amount of B-lymphoid cells and macrophages and a smaller amount of T-lymphoid cells. In addition, vaccinated subjects affected by pneumonia presented a smaller amount of B-lymphoid cells and an higher count of T-lymphoid cells and macrophages both in the septa and in the BALT. Subjects not affected by pneumonia presented an higher count of T-lymphoid cells in the bronchial wall compared to the subjects not affected by pneumonia.
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