• malware analysis
• deep learning
• explainable AI
• model checking
• cybersecurity

Malware analysis and detection is a long-standing research topic in the cybersecurity field. In the last decade, the massive quantity of available data has pushed researchers to move toward data-driven approaches, also due to the inability of classical methods (such as signature-based techniques) to scale with such a quantity of data. Nevertheless, such methods have vulnerabilities and weaknesses which deserve a deep investigation. One of the most significant controversies regards the "explainability" of such methodologies.
This thesis studies how malware can be represented to highlight malicious behavior and which detection techniques can be enforced to classify such samples. We represent malware as graphs and images and adopt deep learning and model-checking techniques to distinguish between malicious and benign samples. The dissertation is guided by the comparison of such methodologies and the "explainability": we aim to provide a malware detector methodology that makes output prediction easily interpretable by humans.