Tesi etd-01242018-155454 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale LM5
Autore
GIANNELLI, GIULIA
URN
etd-01242018-155454
Titolo
Stato nutrizionale nel paziente oncologico canino
Dipartimento
SCIENZE VETERINARIE
Corso di studi
MEDICINA VETERINARIA
Relatori
relatore Marchetti, Veronica
correlatore Pierini, Alessio
controrelatore Lubas, George
correlatore Pierini, Alessio
controrelatore Lubas, George
Parole chiave
- cachessia
- cane
- neoplasia
- sarcopenia
- stato nutrizionale
Data inizio appello
23/02/2018
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
23/02/2088
Riassunto
Nel paziente oncologico, un aumento del dispendio energetico indotto dal tumore, determina un bilancio energetico negativo e perdita di grasso e massa magra. Cachessia e sarcopenia sono sindromi sotto diagnosticate in medicina veterinaria, che hanno notevole impatto sulla prognosi e sulla qualità di vita in questi pazienti. Questo studio retrospettivo ha valutato lo stato nutrizionale di 102 pazienti canini affetti da diverse neoplasie ed afferiti presso l’ODV ‘’Mario Modenato’’ dell’Università di Pisa da Aprile 2009 a Settembre 2017. Alla prima visita sono stati raccolti: segnalamento, anamnesi, peso, BCS (su scala da 1 a 9), MCS (scala da 1 a 3), emocromo e profilo biochimico. Alla prima valutazione solo il 21,5% dei pazienti risultava sottopeso (BCS 4/9 o 3/9). La valutazione del MCS era disponibile in un totale di 45 pazienti e il 44,5 % presentava perdita muscolare. I pazienti con neoplasia ematologica presentavano maggiore perdita muscolare (p=0,0120) rispetto agli altri. Ad una prima valutazione solamente 5 pazienti (4,9%) erano classificabili come cachettici (MCS di 1/3 e BCS ≤ 4), ma 49 cani hanno perso peso nel periodo successivo. Il livello ematico di albumina (p=0,0001) e proteine totali (p=0,011) è risultato inferiore nei pazienti cachettici rispetto agli altri. Il MCS correlava negativamente con l’albumina (p=0,0242) e il BCS correlava positivamente con ematocrito (p=0,0346) e glicemia (p=0,0160). Solo il 7,7% dei pazienti aveva un punteggio prognostico di Glasgow negativo (GPS=2) e questo non correlava con la perdita in peso. Un numero significativo di pazienti oncologici, anche non classificati come cachettici, subisce una perdita di peso nel tempo. Un monitoraggio di peso BCS, MCS associato alla valutazione di albumina e proteine totali sieriche può aiutare i clinici ad individuare i cachettici o quelli a rischio di perdita in peso.
In cancer patients, an increase in energy expenditure induced by the tumor, results in a negative energy balance and loss of fat and lean mass. Cachexia and sarcopenia are syndromes underdiagnosed in veterinary medicine, which could have a significant impact on the outcome and quality of life. This retrospective study evaluated the nutritional status of 102 canine patients, affected by different type of tumors, presented at the VTH ''Mario Modenato'' of the University of Pisa from April 2009 to September 2017. Signalment, medical history, weight, BCS (score 1 to 9), MCS (score 1 to 3), blood count and biochemical profile were reviewed. At the admission, only 21.5% of dogs were underweight (BCS 4/9 or 3/9). The MCS evaluation was available in a total of 45 patients and 44.5% had muscle loss. Patients with hematological malignancies had greater muscle loss (p = 0.0120). Only 5 patients (4.9%) were classifiable as cachectic (MCS 1/3 and BCS ≤ 4), but 49 dogs lost weight in the subsequent period. Serum albumin (p = 0.0001) and total protein (p = 0.011) was lower in cachectic patients. MCS has been negatively correlated with albumin (p = 0.0242) and the BCS positively with hematocrit (p = 0.0346) and glucose (p = 0.0160). Only 7.7% of patients had a negative Glasgow prognostic score (GPS = 2) and this did not correlate with weight loss. Almost a half of dogs have lost weight. A routinary monitoring of weight, BCS and MCS associated with serum albumin and total protein may help clinicians to identify cachectic dogs or dogs at risk of weight loss.
In cancer patients, an increase in energy expenditure induced by the tumor, results in a negative energy balance and loss of fat and lean mass. Cachexia and sarcopenia are syndromes underdiagnosed in veterinary medicine, which could have a significant impact on the outcome and quality of life. This retrospective study evaluated the nutritional status of 102 canine patients, affected by different type of tumors, presented at the VTH ''Mario Modenato'' of the University of Pisa from April 2009 to September 2017. Signalment, medical history, weight, BCS (score 1 to 9), MCS (score 1 to 3), blood count and biochemical profile were reviewed. At the admission, only 21.5% of dogs were underweight (BCS 4/9 or 3/9). The MCS evaluation was available in a total of 45 patients and 44.5% had muscle loss. Patients with hematological malignancies had greater muscle loss (p = 0.0120). Only 5 patients (4.9%) were classifiable as cachectic (MCS 1/3 and BCS ≤ 4), but 49 dogs lost weight in the subsequent period. Serum albumin (p = 0.0001) and total protein (p = 0.011) was lower in cachectic patients. MCS has been negatively correlated with albumin (p = 0.0242) and the BCS positively with hematocrit (p = 0.0346) and glucose (p = 0.0160). Only 7.7% of patients had a negative Glasgow prognostic score (GPS = 2) and this did not correlate with weight loss. Almost a half of dogs have lost weight. A routinary monitoring of weight, BCS and MCS associated with serum albumin and total protein may help clinicians to identify cachectic dogs or dogs at risk of weight loss.
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