Tesi etd-01082024-131740 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale LM5
Autore
GIORDANI, GIULIA
URN
etd-01082024-131740
Titolo
I recenti sviluppi in materia di diritti umani nel Regno Unito: Bill of Rights Bill e Illegal Migration Act 2023
Dipartimento
GIURISPRUDENZA
Corso di studi
GIURISPRUDENZA
Relatori
relatore Prof.ssa Sperti, Angioletta
Parole chiave
- Bill of Rights Bill
- diritti umani
- Human Rights Act
- Illegal Migration Act
- Memorandum d'intesa con il Ruanda
Data inizio appello
01/02/2024
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
01/02/2094
Riassunto
L’elaborato, traendo spunto dalla Risoluzione ONU n.2505, affronta le novità in tema di diritti umani nel Regno Unito, analizzando il Bill of Rights Bill – primo disegno di legge che propone l’abrogazione dello Human Rights Act – e l’Illegal Migration Act 2023. Preliminarmente offre una panoramica sui diritti umani nel Paese, richiamandone le tappe più rilevanti e un quadro generale dell’assetto costituzionale britannico. Segue una breve disamina dello HRA comprensiva del contesto di genesi e delle successive criticità mosse alla legge. Lo studio si sofferma poi sul BoRB che se pur ritirato, permette di riflettere sulla direzione che il Governo sembra teso a intraprendere nell’ambito dei diritti umani – ripresa in parte nell’Illegal Migration Act 2023 -, ne analizza le norme e i problemi maggiormente rilevanti che interessavano la proposta. Infine tratta dell’Illegal Migration Act 2023, che ha generato molte preoccupazioni sia per le conseguenze della legislazione sui rapporti del Regno Unito con il diritto internazionale che per gli assetti interni dell’ordinamento. Si sottolinea come sul primo versante, si prefigurino violazioni degli obblighi internazionali come ad esempio, quelli derivanti dalla Convenzione sui rifugiati e dalla Convenzione europea dei diritti dell’uomo, e il possibile abbandono del Paese dalla CEDU stessa. Sul secondo, invece, si riflette sul ruolo primario che l’Esecutivo tende ad assumere a danno sia delle Corti che del Parlamento, intaccandone così la Sovereignty of Parliament e in ultimo indebolendo la stessa Rule of Law. Non manca inoltre, un riferimento alla recente questione del Memorandum con il Ruanda e al Bill scaturito dalla sentenza della Supreme Court sul trasferimento dei richiedenti asilo nel Paese africano.
This study, draws inspiration from the UN Resolution n.2505, and addresses the latest developments regarding the human rights in the UK, analyzing the Bill of Rights Bill - the first bill proposing the repeal of the Human Rights Act - and the Illegal Migration Act 2023. Preliminarily it offers an overview of human rights in the country, recalling the most important stages and a general framework of the British constitutional system. A brief examination of the HRA follows, including the context of its genesis and the subsequent critical issues raised against the Act. The study moreover dwells on the BoRB which, although withdrawn, allows to reflect on the direction that the Government seems aimed to undertake on human rights – resumed in part in the Illegal Migration Act 2023 -, analyses the most relevant provisions and problems affecting the proposal. Finally, it deals with the Illegal Migration Act 2023, which has produced many concerns both for the consequences of the legislation on the UK's relations with the international law and for the internal structures of the legal system. On the first side, it is underlined the violations of international obligations, such as those deriving from the Convention on Refugees and the European Convention on Human Rights, and the possible UK leaving the ECHR itself, are envisaged. On the second side, however, it reflects on the leading role that the Executive tends to assume to the detriment of both the Courts and Parliament, thus undermining the Sovereignty of Parliament and ultimately weakening the Rule of Law itself. Finally a reference to the recent question of the Memorandum with Rwanda and to the Bill originating from the Supreme Court’s judgment on the transfer of asylum seekers to the African country.
This study, draws inspiration from the UN Resolution n.2505, and addresses the latest developments regarding the human rights in the UK, analyzing the Bill of Rights Bill - the first bill proposing the repeal of the Human Rights Act - and the Illegal Migration Act 2023. Preliminarily it offers an overview of human rights in the country, recalling the most important stages and a general framework of the British constitutional system. A brief examination of the HRA follows, including the context of its genesis and the subsequent critical issues raised against the Act. The study moreover dwells on the BoRB which, although withdrawn, allows to reflect on the direction that the Government seems aimed to undertake on human rights – resumed in part in the Illegal Migration Act 2023 -, analyses the most relevant provisions and problems affecting the proposal. Finally, it deals with the Illegal Migration Act 2023, which has produced many concerns both for the consequences of the legislation on the UK's relations with the international law and for the internal structures of the legal system. On the first side, it is underlined the violations of international obligations, such as those deriving from the Convention on Refugees and the European Convention on Human Rights, and the possible UK leaving the ECHR itself, are envisaged. On the second side, however, it reflects on the leading role that the Executive tends to assume to the detriment of both the Courts and Parliament, thus undermining the Sovereignty of Parliament and ultimately weakening the Rule of Law itself. Finally a reference to the recent question of the Memorandum with Rwanda and to the Bill originating from the Supreme Court’s judgment on the transfer of asylum seekers to the African country.
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