Tesi etd-01082020-211903 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di laurea magistrale LM6
Autore
FEDRIGUCCI, SARA
URN
etd-01082020-211903
Titolo
Analisi biochimico-metabolica in soggetti vegani ed onnivori
Dipartimento
RICERCA TRASLAZIONALE E DELLE NUOVE TECNOLOGIE IN MEDICINA E CHIRURGIA
Corso di studi
MEDICINA E CHIRURGIA
Relatori
relatore Prof. Franzoni, Ferdinando
Parole chiave
- metabolismo
- vegan
Data inizio appello
28/01/2020
Consultabilità
Non consultabile
Data di rilascio
28/01/2090
Riassunto
Processi di urbanizzazione e industrializzazione accompagnati da cambiamenti degli stili di vita hanno portato alla cosiddetta transizione nutrizionale, quindi allo sviluppo di un’alimentazione sbilanciata, con esacerbazione di patologie come obesità, diabete mellito di tipo II e patologie cardiovascolari. In questo contesto è avvenuta la riscoperta della Dieta Mediterranea e l’aumento di tendenze alimentari radicali, quali la dieta vegana. Nel nostro studio abbiamo confrontato soggetti con i due diversi regimi alimentari valutandone il fabbisogno metabolico basale mediante calorimetria indiretta. Sono stati inclusi 31 soggetti, di cui 15 onnivori e 16 vegani, di cui si sono valutati parametri quali: BMR, QR, utilizzo dei substrati carboidrati e lipidi in percentuale (CHO%, FAT%). Abbiamo ulteriormente suddiviso la popolazione in soggetti sportivi e sedentari, andando ad analizzare le stesse variabili. In questo contesto è stata anche valutata la presenza di microrganismi quali Streptococco, Neisseria Subflava e Lactobacilli in campioni salivari, per rilevare eventuali differenze. In conclusione, il BMR dei soggetti onnivori è risultato maggiore dei vegani, il BMR degli sportivi maggiore dei sedentari, il BMR dei sedentari onnivori maggiore dei sedentari vegani, mentre il BMR degli sportivi onnivori e sportivi vegani è risultato sovrapponibile. Non si sono invece riscontrate differenze statisticamente significative per le popolazioni salivari analizzate.
Urbanization and industrialization processes and lifestyle changes have led to the so-called nutritional transition, therefore to the development of an unbalanced diet, with exacerbation of diseases such as obesity, type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. In this context, we had seen the rediscovery of Mediterranean Diet and the increase in radical food trends such as the vegan diet. In our study, we compared subjects with the two different diets by assessing their basal metabolic needs with indirect calorimetry. 31 subjects were included, 15 omnivores and 16 vegans; evalueted parameters were: BMR, QR, availment of carbohydrate and lipid substrates as a percentage (CHO%, FAT%). We further divided the population into sporting and sedentary subjects, going to analyze the same variables. In this context, the presence of microorganisms such as Streptococcus, Neisseria Subflava and Lactobacilli in salivary samples was also assessed to detect any differences. In conclusion, the BMR of omnivorous subjects was greater than vegans, the BMR of sportsmen greater than sedentaries, the BMR of omnivorous sedentaries greater than vegan sedentaries, while the BMR of omnivorous and vegan sportsmen was overlapping. No statistically significant differences were found for the salivary populations analyzed.
Urbanization and industrialization processes and lifestyle changes have led to the so-called nutritional transition, therefore to the development of an unbalanced diet, with exacerbation of diseases such as obesity, type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. In this context, we had seen the rediscovery of Mediterranean Diet and the increase in radical food trends such as the vegan diet. In our study, we compared subjects with the two different diets by assessing their basal metabolic needs with indirect calorimetry. 31 subjects were included, 15 omnivores and 16 vegans; evalueted parameters were: BMR, QR, availment of carbohydrate and lipid substrates as a percentage (CHO%, FAT%). We further divided the population into sporting and sedentary subjects, going to analyze the same variables. In this context, the presence of microorganisms such as Streptococcus, Neisseria Subflava and Lactobacilli in salivary samples was also assessed to detect any differences. In conclusion, the BMR of omnivorous subjects was greater than vegans, the BMR of sportsmen greater than sedentaries, the BMR of omnivorous sedentaries greater than vegan sedentaries, while the BMR of omnivorous and vegan sportsmen was overlapping. No statistically significant differences were found for the salivary populations analyzed.
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