Tesi etd-03192010-190048 |
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Tipo di tesi
Tesi di dottorato di ricerca
Autore
CIVELLO, ANDREA
URN
etd-03192010-190048
Titolo
Riflessioni in un microcosmo molecolare. Per la storia della teoria della rete idiotipica/Reflections in a molecular microcosm. For the history of the idiotypic network theory
Settore scientifico disciplinare
M-STO/05
Corso di studi
STORIA DELLA SCIENZA
Relatori
tutor Prof. Corbellini, Gilberto
tutor Prof. Calabi, Lorenzo
tutor Prof. Calabi, Lorenzo
Parole chiave
- biologia dei sistemi/systems biology
- idiotipo/idiotype
- immunobiologia/immunobiology
- immunochimica/immunochemistry
- immunologia/immunology
- Niels Kaj Jerne
- rete idiotipica/idiotypic network
- rete/network
- selezione clonale/clonal selection
Data inizio appello
26/05/2010
Consultabilità
Parziale
Data di rilascio
26/05/2050
Riassunto
La teoria della rete idiotipica, elaborata dall’immunologo danese Niels Kaj Jerne, propone una visione complessiva del sistema immunitario come rete o network di linfociti e anticorpi. Il lavoro tenta di ricostruire la “biografia” della teoria, considerando, dopo il contesto della genesi, che la vede sfidare il predominio della teoria della selezione clonale, intesa come "paradigma" dominante nel panorama immunologico dagli anni Sessanta, la fase del suo successo e il suo incontro con l’autopoiesi di Francisco Varela, nonché il suo scontro con le critiche che pure ha ricevuto, in particolare quelle avanzate da Melvin Cohn. Infine, si è cercato di accompagnare la teoria nel suo tramonto, provando anche a suggerire che, se il network "idiotipico" non è più protagonista nell’immunologia militante, l’idea di "network" sembra rimanere, al di là dei termini in cui la concepiva Jerne ma, forse, con una qualche, anche parziale, continuità, ben presente nell’orizzonte biologico (genericamente inteso) contemporaneo.
The idiotypic network theory, conceived by the Danish immunologist Niels Kaj Jerne, proposes an overall view of the immune system as a network of lymphocytes and antibodies. I try to tell the “biography” of the theory, by taking into account, first, the context of its genesis, in which it appears to challenge the supremacy of the clonal selection theory, regarded as the leading "paradigm" in immunology in the 1960s-70s; then, the phase of its success and its encounter with Francisco Varela’s autopoiesis, as well as the criticisms it received, particularly those made by Melvin Cohn. Finally, I attempt to follow the theory during its decline, also by trying to suggest that, if the "idiotypic" network is not any longer a protagonist in mainstream immunology, the "network" idea seems to remain, beyond the terms set by Jerne but, maybe, with some, if partial, continuity, present in contemporary biological (broadly meant) scenario.
The idiotypic network theory, conceived by the Danish immunologist Niels Kaj Jerne, proposes an overall view of the immune system as a network of lymphocytes and antibodies. I try to tell the “biography” of the theory, by taking into account, first, the context of its genesis, in which it appears to challenge the supremacy of the clonal selection theory, regarded as the leading "paradigm" in immunology in the 1960s-70s; then, the phase of its success and its encounter with Francisco Varela’s autopoiesis, as well as the criticisms it received, particularly those made by Melvin Cohn. Finally, I attempt to follow the theory during its decline, also by trying to suggest that, if the "idiotypic" network is not any longer a protagonist in mainstream immunology, the "network" idea seems to remain, beyond the terms set by Jerne but, maybe, with some, if partial, continuity, present in contemporary biological (broadly meant) scenario.
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